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中國幾種典型土壤酸堿緩沖容量測定方法的比較

2020-02-22 02:54:52汪吉東馮冰李傳哲徐聰吳迪王磊張輝許仙菊艾玉春張永春
江蘇農(nóng)業(yè)學報 2020年6期

汪吉東 馮冰 李傳哲 徐聰 吳迪 王磊 張輝 許仙菊 艾玉春 張永春

摘要:通過測定土壤酸堿緩沖容量,可以評價土壤抗酸化能力,了解土壤酸化過程,為修復酸化土壤提供依據(jù)。以中國部分典型地域的潮土、紅壤及太湖地區(qū)水稻土為對象,對測定土壤酸堿緩沖容量的酸堿滴定法和培養(yǎng)法進行比較分析,探索適合測定不同土壤類型土壤酸堿緩沖容量的方法。結果顯示,使用無CO2蒸餾水、CaCl2(0.01 mol/kg)浸提土壤(土水質(zhì)量比為1.0∶2.5),運用HCl 和NaOH 滴定法分析的pH(H2O)、pH(CaCl2)在突變范圍內(nèi)與酸堿加入量呈極顯著線性相關(P<0.01;CaCl2浸提的紅壤pH除外)。利用CaCO3和H2SO4培養(yǎng)法分析則發(fā)現(xiàn),初始反應為酸性的土壤,其pH值與酸堿加入量呈顯著的線性相關關系(P<0.05),但潮土和烏柵土除外。研究結果表明,以無CO2蒸餾水進行浸提,運用HCl和NaOH進行滴定的方法測定土壤酸堿緩沖容量對不同土壤類型都具有較好的適應性。利用該方法對長期不同施肥條件下太湖地區(qū)水稻土酸堿緩沖容量進行測定發(fā)現(xiàn),各施肥處理土壤酸堿緩沖容量為19.6~24.8 mmol/kg;太湖地區(qū)黃泥土酸堿緩沖容量受土壤有機質(zhì)含量及陽離子交換量的影響,增施豬糞和施用過磷酸鈣是提高該土壤酸堿緩沖能力的重要舉措。

關鍵詞:土壤酸化;酸堿緩沖容量;測定方法;紅壤;水稻土

中圖分類號:S153文獻標識碼:A文章編號:1000-4440(2020)06-1452-07

Abstract:By determination of soil acidity buffering capacity (pHbc), the anti-acidification ability of soils can be evaluated and the acidization of soils can be understood, thus provide basis for the remediation of acidified soils. To explore the suitable method for determining pHbc of different soil types, fluvo-aquic soil and red soil from partial typical regions and paddy soil from Taihu Lake region of China were used as the objects, acid-base titration method and culturing method for measuring pHbc were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the pH values of the jump rang analyzed by HCl-NaOH titration method showed highly significant (P<0.01, except for the red soil extracted by CaCl2 solution) linear relationship with the volumes of the acid or base added, using CO2-free deionized water and CaCl2 solution (0.01 mol/kg) in the leaching of soils, and the mass ratio of soil to solution was 1.0 to 2.5. Analysis on the results of CaCO3 and H2SO4 incubation methods showed that, for the acid soils according to initial reaction, the relationship between the adding amount of acid or base and soil pH values showed significantly linear regression correlation (P<0.05), except for fluvo-aquic soil and Wuzha soil. The results indicated that pHbc detected by the HCl-NaOH titration method showed good adaptability for different soils types, using CO2-free deionized water in leaching. The pHbc of paddy soil under long-term fertilization conditions in Taihu Lake region determined by the method showed that, the pHbc ranged from 19.6 mmol/kg to 24.8 mmol/kg. The pHbc of yellow soil in Taihu Lake region was affected by content of soil organic matter and cation exchange capacity, and the application of pig manure and superphosphate had positive effects on enhancing soil pHbc.

Key words:soil acidification;acid buffering capacity;determination method;red soil;paddy soil

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(責任編輯:陳海霞)

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