何穎韜 謝麗丹 周海萍 盧偉業(yè) 陳方紅 黃巖花


[摘要] 目的 觀察超聲聲速匹配技術(shù)在老年均勻性脂肪肝分度中的臨床意義。 方法 選擇本院2015年1月~2017年12月收治的均勻性脂肪肝患者80例為觀察組對(duì)象,選擇同期于我院進(jìn)行健康體檢且肝臟健康人員80例為對(duì)照組,所有參與研究人員經(jīng)超聲檢查及MRI檢查。比較對(duì)照組和觀察組均勻性脂肪肝分度患者部位區(qū)域的超聲聲速指數(shù)及觀察組均勻性脂肪肝程度下的彌散系數(shù)。 結(jié)果 觀察組分度增加,指數(shù)也逐漸升高,均明顯高于對(duì)照組,分度之間速度指數(shù)差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);觀察組脂肪肝程度下ADC差異明顯,隨脂肪肝分度升高,ADC呈下降趨勢(shì);ADC隨著彌散敏感系數(shù)逐漸升高而呈下降趨勢(shì),差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。 結(jié)論 超聲聲速匹配在老年均勻性脂肪肝中具有重要的臨床應(yīng)用價(jià)值,能夠?yàn)榫鶆蛐灾靖畏侄忍峁┛煽恳罁?jù)。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 超聲聲速匹配;磁共振彌散成像;老年;均勻性脂肪肝
[中圖分類號(hào)] R575.5? ? ? ? ? [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] B? ? ? ? ? [文章編號(hào)] 1673-9701(2020)02-0132-03
Clinical significance of ultrasonic sound velocity matching technique in homogeneous fatty liver degree
HE Yingtao? ?XIE Lidan? ?ZHOU Haiping? ?LU Weiye? ?CHEN Fanghong? ? HUANG Yanhua
Department of Ultrasound, Lishui Central Hospital in Zhejiang Province, Lishui? ?323000, China
[Abstract] Objective To observe the clinical significance of ultrasound sound velocity matching in elderly patients with homogeneous fatty liver. Methods A total of 80 patients with homogeneous fatty liver diagnosis and treatment in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2017 were randomly selected as observation group. 80 patients with healthy physical examination and liver health at the same age period and same time period were selected as the control group.All participating researchers underwent ultrasound and MRI. The ultrasound sound velocity index of the part area of the patient with homogeneous fatty liver degree was compared between the control group and the observation group.The diffusion coefficient of the homogeneous fatty liver was observed in the observation group. Results The velocity index of F0-F4 patients in the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the velocity index increased with the increase of the degree. The difference of the velocity index between the degrees was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was a significant difference in ADC under fatty degree in the observation group. With the increase of fatty liver degree, the ADC decreased gradually, and the ADC decreased with the increase of diffusion sensitivity coefficient, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Ultrasonic sound velocity matching has important clinical application value in elderly patients with homogeneous fatty liver, which can provide a reliable basis for homogeneous fatty liver degree.
[Key words] Ultrasonic sound velocity matching; Magnetic resonance diffusion imaging; Old age; Homogeneous fatty liver
臨床工作中,脂肪肝患者合并有肝結(jié)節(jié)病很少見到,大部分都是良性病變。病變的位置主要在肝囊之下。結(jié)節(jié)的形狀和大小是不同的,其中大部分是單獨(dú)的結(jié)節(jié)。超聲是最常見的檢查方法,但由于檢測(cè)到漏診和誤診率,它不能真正反映病變的情況,因此提高診斷的準(zhǔn)確性是必要的[1]。臨床目前診斷脂肪肝方法較多,如CT、MRI、血清學(xué)等,但超聲因其診斷高準(zhǔn)確性、無輻射、重復(fù)性強(qiáng)等優(yōu)勢(shì)一直為脂肪肝診斷的推薦方法[2-3]。近年來我院采用超聲聲速匹配對(duì)老年均勻性脂肪肝病情進(jìn)行檢查,旨在探尋一種老年均勻性脂肪肝患者接受程度高,檢驗(yàn)準(zhǔn)確度高的檢驗(yàn)方法,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
選擇本院2015年1月~2017年12月進(jìn)行均勻性脂肪肝診治患者80例為觀察組。其中男55例,女25例,年齡60~80歲,平均(72.42±7.29)歲。選擇同期于我院進(jìn)行健康體檢且證實(shí)肝臟健康人員80例為對(duì)照組,其中男53例,女27例,年齡60~79歲,平均(72.55±7.34)歲。兩組一般資料經(jīng)比較無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P>0.05),具有可比性。
1.2 方法
1.2.1 超聲檢查? 儀器:彩色多普勒超聲診斷儀(Zonare公司,型號(hào):DW-PE522),患者取平臥位,充分暴露肝右葉區(qū)域肋間隙,探頭頻率6 MHz,增益92 dB,常規(guī)掃查后取樣。屏息狀態(tài)下,計(jì)算感興趣區(qū)域速度指數(shù)。
1.2.2 MRI檢查? 儀器:磁共振儀(GE公司,型號(hào):signal1.5T),取仰臥位,頭先進(jìn),檢查時(shí)屏息,梯度回波FSPGR獲得T1W1圖像,TE 2.3 ms,TR 205 ms;呼吸門控獲得T2W1圖像,TE 88.1 ms,TR 6000 ms;DWI序列掃描線、層厚及間距同平掃,彌散敏感系數(shù)分別控制在100/200/400/600/800 s/mm2,經(jīng)軟件處理計(jì)算分度下的ADC數(shù)值。
1.3 觀察指標(biāo)
觀察組以臨床病理組織學(xué)結(jié)果為最終標(biāo)準(zhǔn),根據(jù)METAVIR評(píng)分系統(tǒng),分為F0、F1、F2、F3、F4期。比較兩組F0~F4期部位區(qū)域超聲聲速指數(shù)及觀察組均勻性脂肪肝程度下的彌散系數(shù)。
1.4 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)處理
用SPSS19.0統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)處理軟件處理研究中所有相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),計(jì)量資料用均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差(x±s)表示,采用t檢驗(yàn),計(jì)數(shù)資料用[n(%)]表示,采用χ2檢驗(yàn),P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2 結(jié)果
2.1 兩組患者部位區(qū)域速度指數(shù)比較
觀察組分度增加,指數(shù)也逐漸升高,均明顯高于對(duì)照組,分度之間速度指數(shù)差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。見表1。
2.2 觀察組均勻性脂肪肝程度下ADC比較
觀察組脂肪肝程度下ADC差異明顯,隨脂肪肝分度升高,ADC呈下降趨勢(shì); ADC隨著彌散敏感系數(shù)逐漸升高而呈下降趨勢(shì),差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。見表2。
3 討論
由于疾病或藥物等因素導(dǎo)致肝細(xì)胞內(nèi)脂質(zhì)積聚超過肝濕重的5%,稱之為脂肪肝[6]。肝內(nèi)積聚的脂質(zhì)依病因不同包括三酰甘油、脂肪酸、磷脂或膽固醇酯等,其中以三酰甘油為多[7-8]。根據(jù)脂肪含量,可將脂肪肝分為輕型(含脂肪6%~10%)、中型(含脂肪11%~25%)、重型(含脂肪26%~50%或>30%)三型。脂肪肝是一個(gè)常見的臨床現(xiàn)象,而不是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的疾病,包括脂肪變性、脂肪肝炎和肝硬化等病理改變[9-10]。脂肪肝臨床表現(xiàn)輕者無癥狀,重者病情兇猛。實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢查缺乏特異性,確診靠肝穿刺活檢。老年患者身體機(jī)能下降,均勻性脂肪肝進(jìn)程發(fā)展更為迅速[11]。且大部分老年患者因體質(zhì)較差,在進(jìn)行穿刺活檢后容易引發(fā)一系列并發(fā)癥,因此,探究超聲聲速匹配技術(shù)在均勻性脂肪肝診斷檢驗(yàn)價(jià)值具有十分積極的意義[12-13]。
超聲聲速匹配主要系聲波在組織器官中傳播速度差異,將組織彈性改變情況通過量化方式進(jìn)行體現(xiàn),從而判斷肝臟硬度。脂肪肝主要為多種原因?qū)е碌母闻K內(nèi)脂肪堆積過多發(fā)生的病變,病變導(dǎo)致肝臟硬度增加,因此,采用超聲聲速匹配能夠較好地評(píng)估肝臟脂肪肝情況[14-15]。MRI主要是通過肝臟組織中水分子情況對(duì)肝臟組織進(jìn)行觀察,脂肪肝后,肝臟水分子活動(dòng)會(huì)受到不同程度限制,MRI檢查時(shí)ADC會(huì)呈降低趨勢(shì)[16-17]。本次研究結(jié)果顯示:觀察組分度增加,指數(shù)也逐漸升高,均明顯高于對(duì)照組,分度之間速度指數(shù)差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);觀察組脂肪肝程度下ADC差異明顯,隨脂肪肝分度升高,ADC呈下降趨勢(shì);ADC隨著彌散敏感系數(shù)逐漸升高而呈下降趨勢(shì),差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。說明超聲聲速匹配和磁共振彌散成像技術(shù)能夠作為觀察老年均勻性脂肪肝情況的指標(biāo)[18-20]。
綜上所述,超聲聲速匹配在老年均勻性脂肪肝中具有重要的臨床應(yīng)用價(jià)值,能夠?yàn)榫鶆蛐灾靖畏侄忍峁┛煽恳罁?jù)。
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(收稿日期:2019-06-23)