綜合護理聯合運動訓練對慢性心力衰竭患者的影響

康露丹

【摘要】 目的：探討綜合護理聯合運動訓練對慢性心力衰竭患者的影響。方法：選取2018年6月-2019年5月本院收治的140例慢性心力衰竭患者，將其根據隨機數字表法分為對照組與觀察組，每組70例。兩組均給予常規心衰治療，對照組在常規治療基礎上指導患者進行運動訓練，觀察組在對照組的基礎上進行全方面綜合護理干預，觀察兩組患者干預前后心功能、肺功能及生活質量評分。結果：治療后，觀察組6 min步行距離、左室射血分數均高于對照組，左室舒張內徑低于對照組，差異均有統計學意義（P<0.05）。治療后，兩組明尼蘇達心力衰竭生活質量評分均低于治療前，且觀察組評分低于對照組，差異均有統計學意義（P<0.05）。治療前，兩組肺功能指標比較，差異均無統計學意義（P>0.05）;治療后，兩組肺功能指標均優于治療前，且觀察組均優于對照組，差異均有統計學意義（P<0.05）。結論：綜合護理聯合運動訓練對慢性心力衰竭起到積極作用，優于單純運動訓練，遠期療效可觀，可在臨床應用。

【關鍵詞】 綜合護理 運動訓練 慢性心力衰竭

[Abstract] Objective： To explore the effect of comprehensive nursing combined with exercise training on patients with chronic heart failure. Method： A total of 140 patients with chronic heart failure admitted to our hospital from June 2018 to May 2019 were selected. They were divided into control group and observation group according to the random number table method， 70 cases in each group. Both groups were given routine heart failure treatment， the control group conducted exercise training on the basis of conventional treatment， the observation group carried out comprehensive nursing intervention on the basis of the control group. The scores of heart function， lung function and quality of life before and after intervention were observed. Result： After treatment， the 6-min walking distance and left ventricular ejection fraction in the observation group were higher than those in the control group， the diastolic diameter of the left ventricle was lower than that of the control group， the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. After treatment， the Minnesota heart failure quality of life score in the two groups were lower than those before treatment， and the score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group， the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. Before treatment， the lung function indexes of the two groups were compared， there were no significant differences （P>0.05）. After treatment， the indexes of lung function in the two groups were better than those before treatment， the observation group were better than those of the control group， the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion： Comprehensive nursing combined with sports training plays a positive role in chronic heart failure， which is superior to simple sports training， with considerable long-term effect and can be used in clinical practice.[Key words] Comprehensive nursing Exercise training Chronic heart failure First-authors address： Shenyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine， Shenyang 110004， China

慢性心力衰竭（CHF）為循環系統死亡率最高的疾病，為多種疾病的終末階段。慢性心衰的5年內存活率與癌癥類似，已然成為威脅人類生命健康的最危險疾病，同時是21世紀最難攻克的兩大心血管疾病之一[1]。研究顯示，我國成年人CHF患病率可達0.9%，35～74歲人群中約有400萬心衰患者，占心血管病房入住率的20%，且死亡率達40%，隨著我國人口年齡的流動，老齡化人口越來越多，本病的患病率還會繼續增加[2-3]。CHF具有久經不愈，反復無常的特點，患者常因內外因素需要反復住院，給患者及家屬帶來極大的經濟負擔和心理壓力，并隨著住院次數的增加，病情不斷惡化[4]。本病除了藥物治療外，傳統的治療方法有強制性臥床休息以減少心肌耗氧減輕心臟負荷，避免潛在風險發生。……