職業病患者安全影響因素及護理管理分析

李聰玲

[摘要] 目的 分析職業病患者的護理安全風險因素及相關管理對策。方法 選擇該院2018年9月—2019年8月間收治的職業病住院患者70例為該次研究對象，經隨機數字表法將其分為常規組和觀察組，每組35例患者。常規組患者給予常規護理管理，觀察組患者分析護理安全風險因素，并實施相關針對性管理措施。對比兩組患者的不良事件發生率和護理滿意度。結果 觀察組不良事件發生率5.81%顯著低于常規組22.86%，差異有統計學意義（P<0.05），觀察組護理滿意率94.29%顯著高于常規組77.14%，差異有統計學意義（χ2=4.200，P<0.05）。結論 對職業病住院患者進行護理風險因素分析，并給予相關針對性護理管理策略，可以有效降低職業病住院患者不良事件發生率，提升患者護理滿意度，值得臨床應用。

[關鍵詞] 職業病;患者安全;影響因素;護理管理

[中圖分類號] R47 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1672-5654（2020）02（a）-0061-03

Analysis of Factors Affecting Safety of Occupational Disease Patients and Nursing Management

LI Cong-ling

Hunan Provincial Occupational Diseases Prevention and Control Center， Changsha， Hunan Province， 410000 China

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the nursing safety risk factors and related management countermeasures for patients with occupational diseases. Methods A total of 70 inpatients with occupational diseases admitted in the hospital from September 2018 to August 2019 were selected as the subjects of this study. They were divided into the routine group and the observation group by random number table method， with 35 patients in each group. Patients in the routine group were given routine nursing management. Patients in the observation group were analyzed for risk factors for nursing safety and implemented relevant targeted management measures. The incidence of adverse events and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups of patients. Results The incidence of adverse events in the observation group was 5.81%， which was significantly lower than that in the conventional group， 22.86%， and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）， and the nursing satisfaction rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the conventional group， which was 94.29%，and the difference was statistically significant（χ2=4.200，P<0.05）. Conclusion Analysis of nursing risk factors for hospitalized patients with occupational diseases and related nursing management strategies can effectively reduce the incidence of adverse events in hospitalized patients with occupational diseases and improve patient care satisfaction， which is worthy of clinical application.

[Key words] Occupational disease; Patients safety; Influencing factors; Nursing management

職業病是指企事業單位勞動者，在工作場所或活動中接觸有害化學物質、粉塵、放射性物質或其他有毒物質導致的疾病。針對不同的職業特點，相關單位通常會采取一定的預防措施，但由于管理不規范或措施不到位等原因，部分勞動者在職業活動中依然會受到有害物質的長期危害，從而引發職業病。常見的職業病有職業性皮膚病、塵肺、職業中毒等。職業病具有病程長、恢復慢等相關特點，所以患者除器質性病變外，心理健康也受到很大程度的影響[1-2]。職業病的確診是患者得到的相關補償的必要途徑，所以患者在就診過程中容易出現夸大病情、情緒激動等行為，采用威脅、自殺等手段，對患者和醫護人員的身心健康造成很大威脅[3]。因此，該文選擇該院2018年9月—2019年8月間收治的70例職業病住院患者，分析職業病住院患者安全影響因素，并實施針對性護理管理，現報道如下。……