趙燃 郭燚 趙怡波



摘要:為解決傳統(tǒng)基于排序法的模塊化多電平變換器(modular multilevel converter,MMC)電容電壓平衡策略計(jì)算時(shí)間長(zhǎng)、子模塊分配效率低等問(wèn)題,研究一種分組動(dòng)態(tài)自調(diào)整的MMC電容電壓平衡策略。根據(jù)各組子模塊電容電壓波動(dòng)范圍以及電流方向,該策略能實(shí)時(shí)向各組分配不同數(shù)量的子模塊,且能顯著地降低由排序帶來(lái)的計(jì)算量。經(jīng)仿真驗(yàn)證,對(duì)比子模塊不分組或平均分組的情形,所研究的策略既能快速運(yùn)行,又能保持組間和組內(nèi)子模塊電容電壓的穩(wěn)定,能進(jìn)一步提升船舶中壓直流(medium voltage direct current, MVDC)系統(tǒng)的整體效率。
關(guān)鍵詞: 電容電壓平衡策略; 模塊化多電平變換器(MMC); 分組動(dòng)態(tài)自調(diào)整; 中壓直流(MVDC)
中圖分類號(hào): U665.12 ? ?文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼: A
Group dynamic self-tuning MMC capacitor voltage balancing
strategy and its application in ship MVDC system
ZHAO Ran, GUO Yi, ZHAO Yibo
(Logistics Engineering College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China)
Abstract: To overcome long calculation time, low allocation efficiency of sub-modules and other problems for the classical sorting-based MMC (modular multilevel converter) capacitor voltage balancing strategy, a group dynamic self-tuning MMC capacitor voltage balancing strategy is studied. According to the voltage flucturate range and current direction of sub-module capacitors in each group, this strategy can assign different number of sub-modules to each group in real time, and significantly reduces the amount of computation caused by sorting. It is proved by simulations that: compared with non-grouping or average grouping situations for sub-modules, the studied strategy is of not only rapid operation but also the stability of the capacitor voltage of sub-modules among groups and in a group, which can further improve the overall efficiency of the ship medium voltage direct current (MVDC) system.
Key words: capacitor voltage balancing strategy; modular multilevel converter (MMC); group dynamic self-tuning; medium voltage direct current (MVDC)
0 引 言
船舶中壓直流(medium voltage direct current,MVDC)系統(tǒng)具有功率密度高、占用空間小等優(yōu)點(diǎn),解決了中壓交流系統(tǒng)無(wú)功功率損耗、電網(wǎng)諧波干擾、影響船舶電網(wǎng)穩(wěn)定性運(yùn)行等問(wèn)題。因此,MVDC系統(tǒng)成為未來(lái)船舶電力系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)[1]。
隨著電力電子器件技術(shù)的發(fā)展,模塊化多電平變換器(modular multilevel converter, MMC)作為一種新型變換器,具有模塊化程度較高、輸出諧波少、開關(guān)頻率低等優(yōu)點(diǎn),目前被普遍應(yīng)用于高壓直流(high voltage direct current,HVDC)系統(tǒng)、機(jī)車牽引系統(tǒng)以及船舶電力推進(jìn)系統(tǒng)等[2]。MMC技術(shù)的出現(xiàn),很大程度上降低了電壓源變換器的制造難度和損耗,為柔性輸電系統(tǒng)的研究打開了新的方向。國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)船舶MMC-MVDC系統(tǒng)的研究參考了技術(shù)較成熟的MMC-HVDC系統(tǒng),并解決了一些應(yīng)用中出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題。文獻(xiàn)[3]探討了負(fù)載變換器的阻抗特性以及與MMC相互作用的關(guān)系,所提出的MMC等效直流阻抗以及穩(wěn)定性分析方法,可預(yù)測(cè)船舶MVDC系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定特性?!?br>