趙雪輝 陳雙建 成繼東 郭華 曲雪松 安棟 李智



摘?要:試驗以‘極早蟠‘脆玉‘金美夏3個桃品種休眠期的成熟枝條為試材,通過測定低溫脅迫(-20 ℃、-25 ℃和-30 ℃)24 h后的枝條的電導(dǎo)率、丙二醛和脯氨酸含量,分析比較3個桃品種抗寒性的強(qiáng)弱。結(jié)果表明:隨溫度的持續(xù)下降,‘極早蟠和‘脆玉枝條的電導(dǎo)率隨溫度的下降呈先上升后下降的趨勢,‘金美夏枝條的電導(dǎo)率隨溫度的下降而不斷上升;‘極早蟠‘脆玉‘金美夏枝條的丙二醛和脯氨酸含量的變化趨勢都是隨溫度的下降而逐漸上升。綜合以上分析表明,在-20 ℃、-25 ℃的低溫下,‘金美夏‘極早蟠抗寒性相對較強(qiáng),‘脆玉的抗寒性相對較弱;在-30 ℃時‘金美夏抗寒性相對最強(qiáng),‘極早蟠相對較強(qiáng),‘脆玉最弱。
關(guān)鍵詞:桃枝條;低溫脅迫;抗寒性
文章編號:2096-8108(2020)06-0014-06??中圖分類號:S601??文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:A
Analysis of Cold Resistance on Three Peach Cultivars
ZHAO Xuehui, CHEN Shuangjian*, CHENG Jidong, GUO Hua, QU Xuesong, AN Dong, LI Zhi
(Pomology Institute, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030815, China)
Abstract:The electrical conductivity, malondialdehyde and proline content of branches after 24 h of low temperature stress (-20 ℃,-25 ℃ and -30 ℃) were measured used peach cultivars, ‘Jizaopan, ‘Cuiyuand ‘Jinmeixia as test materials, and the cold resistance of 3 peach cultivars was analyzed and compared. The results showed that with the decrease of temperature, the electrical conductivity of the branches of ‘Jizaopan and ‘Cuiyu increased first and then decreased. The conductivity of the branches of ‘Jinmeixia increased with the decrease of temperature. The content of malondialdehyde and proline in the branches of three peach cultivars increased gradually with the decrease of temperature. Total above, the analysis showed that at -20 ℃,-25 ℃, the cold resistance of ‘Jinmeixia and ‘Jizaopan was relatively strong, and that of ‘Cuiyu was relatively weak. At -30 ℃,‘Jinmexia was the strongest , ‘Jizaopan was relatively strong, and ‘Cuiyu was the weakest.
Keywords:peach branches; low temperature stress; cold resistance
桃(Amygdalus persica L.),薔薇科桃屬植物,落葉小喬木,原產(chǎn)中國,栽培歷史在3 000年以上[1]。我國桃品種極為豐富,主要有油桃、毛桃、蟠桃及碧桃等不同變種。桃子富含蛋白質(zhì)、脂肪、鈣、磷、鐵、胡蘿卜素、維生素、碳水化合物、粗纖維、以及有機(jī)酸、糖分和揮發(fā)油等營養(yǎng)成分[2]。桃子的主要成分是蔗糖,維生素與礦物質(zhì)的含量較少。果膠頗多,有潤腸通便的作用。桃子的含鐵量較高,是缺鐵性貧血病人的理想輔助食物。桃花可以觀賞,果實多汁,可以生食或制桃脯、罐頭等。此外,桃仁有活血化淤,可用于輔助治療。桃膠可用作粘接劑。
溫度是果樹重要的生存因子之一,溫度通過影響果樹生長發(fā)育進(jìn)而影響產(chǎn)量。低溫是影響植物生長發(fā)育的重要環(huán)境因子,低溫的影響主要是冷害和凍害?!?br>