劉素庚
1. 【句型回顧】Have you ever been to the museum?? 你去過博物館嗎?
【解析】have gone to , have been to, have been in 的區別:
have gone to :去了沒回(單程)。例:
Tom has gone to New York, he hasn’t return yet. 湯姆已經去了紐約,還沒回來。
have been to :去過(有一種往返的感覺在里面)。例:
I have been to America. 我曾經到過美國。(現在不在美國)
I have been to the flower market. I bought a lot of flower.
我去了趟花市。我買了許多花。(買到后回家了)
have been in:待了(一段時間)(持續性狀態)。例:
The boys have been in London since mid-December.
從12月中旬男孩們就一直待在倫敦。(狀態持續了很久)
You have been in the small town for a long time.你在小鎮住了很久了。(持續性狀態)
【中考真題】(2020·貴州·銅仁) —Maria, what do you think of Mount Fanjing?
— Very cool. I there once. I’d like to go there again.
A. has been? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. have been? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? C. have gone? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. has gone
【答案剖析】通過上下文可知Maria曾經去過Mount Fanjing這個地方。所以選B。
2. 【句型回顧】It also encourages governments and social groups to think about ways to improve toilets in the future. 它還鼓勵政府和社會團體思考如何在未來改善廁所。
【解析】不定式作賓補的情況很多,不定式在以下這些動詞后作賓補:advise,allow,ask,beg,cause,expect,encourage,force,get,hate,invite,like,order,prefer, permit,promise,request,tell,want,wish,warn 等。例:
We allow you to enter the movie theater with us. 我們允許你與我們一起進這個影院。
The teacher asked us to finish our homework.老師叫我們完成家庭作業。
She wanted you to sing for her friends.她想讓你為她的朋友唱歌。
The headmaster told the boys not to play in the street.校長告訴孩子們別在街上玩耍。
【中考真題】1) (2020·黑龍江·綏化)My teacher encouraged me English as much as possible.
A. to speak B. speak C. speaking
2)(2020·山東·青島)Teachers expect all their students ________ progress day by day.
A. to make B. make C. to take D. take
【答案剖析】1)encourage sb. to do sth. 表示“鼓勵某人做某事”。所以選A。
2)expect sb. to do sth.表示“期望某人做某事”,expect后跟不定式作賓補,make progress為固定搭配。所以選A。
3. 【句型回顧】On the one hand, more than three quarters of the population is Chinese, so you can simply speak Putonghua a lot of the time. 一方面,超過四分之三的人口是中國人,所以很多時候你是可以講普通話的。
【解析】英語中分數的表達法:用“基數詞+序數詞”表示,其中基數詞表示分子,序數詞表示分母。分子是一時,除用one外,也可用a;如果分子大于一,分母要用復數形式。例:
one fourth? 四分之一? ? ?two fifths 五分之二? ?three tenths 十分之三
但是,二分之一不能說a(one)second,而要說a(one)half。
四分之一和四分之三可以說a(one)fourth和three fourths,但常用a quarter和three quarters表示。
【中考真題】(2020·湖北·黃石) There are about eight hundred students in the school. of them are boys.
A. Three fifth B. Third fifth C. Third five D. Three fifths
【答案剖析】表示“五分之三”時,分子用基數詞,分母用序數詞表示,分子比一大,表示分母的序數詞要用復數。所以選D。
4. 【句型回顧】The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. 這些登山者的精神告訴我們,我們永遠不應該放棄實現夢想的努力。
【解析】1)show sb. sth. =show sth. to sb. 意思是“展示給某人什么”。例:
Please show us the map of the city.
請給我們看看這個城市的地圖。
2)give up doing sth. 意思是“放棄正在做的事”。其實全寫應為give up (in) doing sth. 例:
I will never give up running because I hope I will be healthier.
我永遠不會放棄跑步,因為我希望我更健康。
3)try to do意思是“努力去做某事”“盡力干……”,表示想盡一切辦法要把事情辦成;
try doing意思是“嘗試著干某事”“試著(用什么方法)去做某事”,表示一種試著、做做看的做法。試比較:
I’m trying to learn Japanese well. 我決心(盡力)學好日語。
I tried calling Tom, but nobody answered. 我試著給湯姆打電話,但沒人接。
4)achieve/realize a/the dream = make a/the dream come true 意為“實現夢想”。
【中考真題】(2020·江蘇·淮安)My brother often _________his spare time to help me with my spoken English.
A. puts up B. gives up C. opens up D. tidies up
【答案剖析】句意為“我哥哥經常放棄業余時間幫助我學習英語口語”。所以選B。