不同提取溶劑對柳蘭化學成分的影響

韓陽陽 廖成松

摘要 通過比較分析不同溶劑提取液中柳蘭化學成分的差異，篩選出柳蘭入藥的最佳提取溶劑。分別用蒸餾水、70%乙醇、100%乙醇、乙腈、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇和石油醚7種提取溶劑對柳蘭全草粉末進行浸提，用液質聯用QTof對提取液的化學成分進行鑒定和分析。結果表明，7種不同溶劑的柳蘭提取液中化學成分共有57種，主要為脂肪酸、酚酸類、黃酮類及醇類4大類化合物，含量最高均為脂肪酸，有且只有一種共有化學成分棕櫚酸。不同溶劑的提取液中化學成分的數量、種類及含量均明顯不同，可見提取溶劑對植物提取物化學成分的影響較大。從柳蘭已知的主要藥理作用來看，正丁醇和石油醚適用于抗氧化作用提取溶劑，水和70%乙醇適用于抗炎抑菌作用提取劑，乙酸乙酯適用于鎮痛和抗癌作用提取劑。綜合藥理作用、毒副作用及生產工藝成本，70%乙醇可成為柳蘭提取的常用溶劑。

關鍵詞 柳蘭;提取溶劑;化成成分;差異比較

中圖分類號 R 284? 文獻標識碼 A? 文章編號 0517-6611（2021）19-0151-06

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.19.040

開放科學（資源服務）標識碼（OSID）：

Effects of Different Extraction Solvents on the Chemical Composition of ?Epilobium angustifolium ?L.

HAN Yang-yang1，2，LIAO Cheng-song1，2

（1.Xilingol Bioengineering Research Institute， Xilinghot，Inner Mongolia 026000;2.Xilingol Vocational College， Xilinghot，Inner Mongolia 026000）

Abstract By comparing and analyzing the differences of chemical components in different solvent extracts， the best extraction solvent was selected. 7 extraction solvents （distilled water， 70% ethanol， 100% ethanol， acetonitrile， ethyl acetate， n-butanol and petroleum ether） were used to extract the whole grass powder of ?Epilobium angustifolium ， and the chemical components of the extract were identified and analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry QTOF. The results showed that there were 57 kinds of chemical components in the 7 different solvents， mainly including fatty acids， phenolic acids， flavonoids and alcohols. The highest content was fatty acids， and there was only one common chemical component palmitic acid. The quantity， species and content of the chemical components in the extracts of different solvents were obviously different. It could be seen that the extraction solvent had a great influence on the chemical components of plant extracts. According to the known main pharmacological effects of ?Epilobium angustifolium ， n-butanol and petroleum ether were suitable for antioxidant extraction solvent， water and 70% ethanol were suitable for anti-inflammatory and bacteriostatic extracts， and ethyl acetate was suitable for analgesic and anticancer extracts. Considering the pharmacological effects， side effects and production process cost， 70% ethanol could be a common solvent for ?Epilobium angustifolium ?extraction.

Key words ?Epilobium angustifolium ?L.;Extraction solvent;Chemical composition;Difference comparison

基金項目 錫林郭勒職業學院課題（ZD-2020-03）;內蒙古自治區高等學?？茖W研究項目（NJZY19339）。