重慶市農地適度經營規模測度及其實現路徑研究

謝文雄 趙偉

摘要 農地適度規模經營是現階段農業政策的主要導向，也是實現農業高質量發展的應有之義。以重慶市為研究區，從土地產出效益最大化視角來擬合C-D生產函數，測度重慶市（渝東北、渝東南和渝西）的農地適度經營規模，比較渝東北、渝東南和渝西地區農地適度經營規模的地區差異，并基于重慶市農地規模經營現狀，探索其農地適度規模經營實現的適宜路徑，為重慶市制定差別化的農地利用政策提供理論參考。由于資源稟賦、經營主體特征、經營模式、農地流轉等因素的差異影響，渝東北、渝東南和渝西的勞均適宜經營規模分別為1.82、1.06和1.15? hm2，與勞均現狀經營規模（0.154、0.159和0.147? hm2）相比存在較大差距，渝東北、渝東南和渝西的戶均適宜經營規模分別為5.46、3.17、3.45? hm2，農地適度經營規模區域差異較大。根據重慶農地規模經營現狀特點，提出應加快新型經營主體的培育及經營規模的確定;完善農業社會化服務體系及農用基礎設施建設;完善相關政策法律，促進農地流轉與農地規模化經營;加快探索與總結農業適度規模經營模式4個方面的路徑探索。

關鍵詞 適度經營規模;路徑;C-D生產函數;重慶市

中圖分類號 S-9 ??文獻標識碼 A? 文章編號 0517-6611（2021）19-0206-05

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.19.054

開放科學（資源服務）標識碼（OSID）：

Research on the Moderate Scale of Farmland Management in Chongqing and Its Realization Path

XIE Wen-xiong1， ZHAO Wei2

（1.Chongqing Bureau of Statistics， Chongqing 400067;2.Research Center for Economy of Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River， Chongqing Business University， Chongqing 400067）

Abstract Appropriate scale management of agricultural land is the main direction of agricultural policy at this stage， and it is also necessary to realize high-quality development of agriculture. Taking Chongqing as the research area， this paper fits the C-D production function from the perspective of maximizing land output benefit， measures the appropriate scale of agricultural land management in Chongqing （northeast Chongqing， southeast Chongqing and west Chongqing）， compares the regional differences in the appropriate scale of agricultural land management in northeast Chongqing， southeast Chongqing and west Chongqing， and explores the appropriate path to realize the appropriate scale of agricultural land management based on the current situation of agricultural land management in Chongqing， providing theoretical reference for Chongqing to formulate differentiated policies on agricultural land utilization. Due to the differences in resource endowment， main characteristics of management， management mode， farmland circulation and other factors， the suitable operating scale of labor in northeast Chongqing， southeast Chongqing and west Chongqing is 1.82， 1.06 and 1.15 ha respectively， which is quite different from the current operating scale of labor （0.154， 0.159 and 0.147 ha）. The suitable operating scale of households in northeast Chongqing， southeast Chongqing and west Chongqing are 5.46， 3.17 and 3.45 ha respectively， with large regional differences in the appropriate operating scale of farmland. According to the current situation and characteristics of Chongqings agricultural land scale management， it is proposed to speed up the cultivation of new management subjects and the determination of the management scale， perfect the agricultural socialization service system and the construction of agricultural infrastructure， perfect relevant policies and laws， promote the circulation of agricultural land and the scale management of agricultural land， and speed up the exploration and summary of the appropriate scale management mode of agriculture.