延續(xù)歷史文脈

在全球化愈演愈烈的今天，歷史文脈傳承的重要性愈發(fā)凸顯——文運(yùn)同國運(yùn)相牽，文脈同國脈相連。2021 年《中華人民共和國國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展第十四個(gè)五年規(guī)劃和2035 年遠(yuǎn)景目標(biāo)綱要》中提到“保護(hù)和延續(xù)城市文脈……讓城市留下記憶、讓居民記住鄉(xiāng)愁”。城市歷史文脈傳承已上升為重要的國家戰(zhàn)略，并成為規(guī)劃工作者必須直面的重大課題。雖然基于長期在理論、技術(shù)上的探索，許多歷史文化遺產(chǎn)得以保全，但以建成環(huán)境遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)、符號(hào)復(fù)制或形態(tài)模仿的方式進(jìn)行的歷史文脈傳承，也造成了假古董、歷史錯(cuò)置、地域錯(cuò)置等問題。

“空間基因”提出：歷史城鎮(zhèn)與傳統(tǒng)村落中實(shí)現(xiàn)文脈傳承的關(guān)鍵并不是對(duì)歷史形式、符號(hào)本身的保護(hù)或復(fù)制，而是空間要素地域性組合模式及其內(nèi)在生成機(jī)理的延續(xù)。基于這一機(jī)制，在進(jìn)行城市的規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)，可借助空間基因研究為歷史文脈傳承提供更為科學(xué)清晰的技術(shù)路徑。以下通過蘇州環(huán)古城、蘇州古城、常州青果巷的案例介紹對(duì)該技術(shù)路徑的應(yīng)用進(jìn)行具體說明。□

In today's increasingly globalised world, the importance of historical and cultural inheritance is becoming more and more prominent - the cultural destiny is linked to the national destiny, and the cultural context is connected to the national lifeline.In 2021, the ＂Outline of the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for the National Economic and Social Development of the People's Republic of China and the Visionary Objectives for the Year 2035＂ mentions that ＂protect and continue the urban culture...so that the city will leave a memory and residents will remember their nostalgia＂.The inheritance of urban history and culture has risen to an important national strategy, and has become a major issue that planning practitioners must face up to.Based on long-term exploration in theory and technology,many historical and cultural heritages have been preserved.However, the inheritance of historical and cultural heritage in the form of built environment heritage protection, symbolic reproduction or morphological imitation has also caused problems such as fake antiques, historical and territorial disposition, etc.

The Space Gene theory suggests that the key to the realisation of cultural inheritance in historical towns or traditional villages is not the protection or reproduction of historical forms or symbols,but the continuation of the regional combination of spatial elements and their inherent generative mechanism.Based on this mechanism, when planning and designing cities, space gene research could provide a more scientific and clearer technical path for the inheritance of historical culture.The following case studies of Suzhou Historic District, Suzhou Historic District Ring and Changzhou Qingguo Alley illustrate the application of this technical path.□