


2024-03-29
相比使用更傳統的質子對撞機,物理學家希望通過碰撞被稱為μ 介子(muons)的不穩定重亞原子粒子,更快、更便宜地獲取到新發現所需的高能。但是這項未經證實的技術具有挑戰性,因為μ介子會在不到1 秒鐘的時間內衰變。在封面圖展示的模擬實驗中我們可以看到,碰撞產物極速穿過μ介子衰變產生的外來粒子薄霧。
Bycolliding weighty,unstable subatomic particle scalled muons, physicists hope toreach the high energies neededfor new discoveries more quicklyand cheaply than with a moreconventionalproton collider.But the unproven technology ischallenging because muons decayin a fraction of a second. In thesimulation shown here, collisionproducts streak through a hazeof extraneous particles from themuons' decay.
2024-04-05
50 年前,古人類學家在埃塞俄比亞出土了距今320 萬年前的“露西”骨架,改變了我們對人類起源的看法。通過研究她的骨骼模型,以及她所屬的南方古猿阿法種其他成員的骨骼,科學家將露西身體上的肌肉一塊塊拼湊起來,最終將封面上的重建圖像呈現在世人面前。如今,在針對我們直系祖先的爭論中,露西仍是最佳候選人之一。
Fifty years ago in Ethiopia, paleoanthropologistsu near thed the 3 . 2 - million -year - old skeleton known as“Lucy” and transformed ourviews of humanitys origins.This reconstruction was createdb yrebuilding Lucysbody ,muscle by muscle, over a castof her skeleton and bones fromother members of her species,Australopithecus afarensis. Today,Lucy faces competition for therole of our direct ancestor butremains the best candidate.
2024-04-12
根據細胞內成像和蛋白質組學證據,科學家在海洋藻類中發現了一種固氮細胞器,或者稱之為“硝基體”。這一發現揭示了從內共生體到細胞器的進化轉變。封面圖像描繪了帶有硝基的單細胞藍藻A群(UCYN-A,較大的棕色球體)藻類(沿海顆石藻)的細胞結構和同步細胞分裂。
A nitrogen-fixing organelle,or“nitroplast ,”has been identified in a marine alga on thebasis of intracellular imaging andproteomic evidence. This discoverysheds light on the evolutionarytransition from endosymbiont toorganelle. The image depicts thecell architecture and synchronizedc ell division of the al ga Braarudosphaera bigelowii withnitroplast UCYN-A (large brownspheres).
2024-04-19
研究人員開發了深度學習的方法預測與小分子、核酸和其他非蛋白質成分復合的蛋白質結構,以及設計與小分子結合的蛋白質。封面插圖展示了在背景中像云層一樣的氨基酸和短肽,它們聚集在一起形成了以橙色顯示的目標配體血紅素周圍的中心藍色蛋白質。
Researchers have developeddeep-learning methods to predictt h e s t r u c t u r e s o f p r o t e i n s i ncomplex with small molecules,n u c l e i c a c i d s , a n d o t h e rnonprotein components and todesign proteins to bind to smallmolecules. The illustration showsa background cloud of aminoacids and short peptides comingtogether to form the central blueprotein around a target ligand,heme, shown in orange.
(陶 陶 編譯)