吳艷琳
【課例主題】
學校“師之蘊英語教師工作室”以“初小銜接主題引領的語法專項”為主題,以“Prepositions”教學為例,探索“五年級學生小升初階段語法學習”的有效方法。
【文本解讀】
一、課標銜接
課標要求,教師要踐行學思結合、用創為本的英語學習活動觀,倡導學生圍繞真實情境和真實問題,激活已知,參與指向主題意義探究的學習理解、應用實踐和遷移創新等一系列相互關聯、循環遞進的語言學習和運用活動。堅持學思結合,引導學生在學習理解類活動中獲取、梳理語言和文化知識;堅持學用結合,引導學生在應用實踐類活動中內化所學語言和文化知識,加深理解并初步應用;堅持學創結合,引導學生在遷移創新類活動中聯系個人實際,運用所學解決現實生活中的問題,形成正確的態度和價值判斷。
二、單元素養
本單元為學校校本課程《九年一貫初小銜接的臨外英語課程(1)語法直通車》第九課時“Prepositions”。
1. 要求學生掌握的英語核心素養
語言能力:學生能夠在感知、體驗、積累和運用等語言實踐活動中理解并運用本課時核心語法:時間介詞、方位介詞、方式介詞、其他介詞和介詞短語,并能在語境中理解并運用恰當的介詞。
文化意識:學生通過學習不同類型的介詞,能對應配圖、語境理解介詞的含義和用法,觀察感受各類介詞的特點,比較中外文化介詞使用的異同。
思維品質:學生能夠在肢體語言、信息媒介的幫助下理解介詞在不同語境中的含義,能夠利用之前學過的介詞的相關知識和本節課新授的介詞知識在即時造句和日常會話中合理地用英語表達所思所想。
學習能力:學生能夠積極運用之前學過的介詞的相關知識和本節課新授的介詞知識,并主動調適英語學習策略,主動參與語言實踐活動;在學習中注意傾聽、樂于交流、大膽嘗試;學會自主探究,合作互助;學會反思和評價學習進展,調整學習方式;學會自我管理,提高學習效率,做到樂學善學。
2. 本課時涉及的國家課程標準學習要求
(1)語言能力學段目標。感知與積累:能理解日常生活中所學語言直接傳遞的交際意圖;能讀懂主題相關的簡短語篇,獲取具體信息,理解主要內容。習得與建構:在聽或看發言清晰、語速適中、句式簡單的音視頻材料時,能獲取人物、時間、地點、事件等基本信息;能根據圖片口頭描述其中的人或事物。表達與交流:能圍繞主題,運用所學語言,與他人進行簡單的交流,表演小故事或短劇,語音、語調基本正確;在書面表達中,能圍繞圖片或模仿范文,寫出幾句意思連貫的話。
(2)文化意識學段目標。比較與判斷:對學習中外文化有興趣;通過故事、介紹、對話、動畫等獲取中外文化的簡單信息;感知與體驗文化多樣性,能在理解的基礎上進行初步的比較;能用簡短的句子描述所學的與中外文化有關的具體事物;初步具有觀察、識別、比較中外文化異同的能力。調適與溝通:能注意到跨文化溝通與交流中的文化差異。感悟與內化:了解中外文化。
(3)思維品質學段目標。觀察與辨析:能對獲取的語篇信息進行簡單的分類和對比,加深對語篇意義的理解。歸納與推斷:能識別、提煉、概括語篇的關鍵信息、主要內容、主題意義和觀點。批判與創新:能就作者的觀點或意圖發表看法、說明理由、交流感受。
(4)學習能力學段目標。樂學與善學:對英語學習有較濃厚的興趣和自信心;能積極參與課堂活動,注意傾聽,大膽嘗試用英語進行交流;樂于參與英語實踐活動,遇到問題積極請教。選擇與調整:能在教師指導下,制訂并完成簡單的英語學習計劃,及時預習和復習所學內容;能了解自己英語學習中的進步與不足;能在教師指導下,初步找到適合自己的英語學習方法;嘗試根據學習進展調整學習計劃和策略;能借助多種渠道或資源學習英語。合作與探究:能在學習活動中與他人合作,共同完成學習任務;能在學習過程中認真思考,主動探究,嘗試通過多種方式發現并解決學習中的問題。
【學情分析】
本節課授課對象為學校五年級學生,大部分學生對英語學習興趣濃厚,同時部分學生有很強的表達欲和能力。他們已經形成了較好的英語學習習慣,能聽懂教師的日常指令,并能完成相應學習任務。但是大部分學生針對具體的語篇和話題,獨立表達完整的語句還有些難度,需要教師給予語言表達框架的支撐,給予他們更多鍛煉口語表達的機會。教師按照年級學期、已積累的語言知識、已形成的語言能力和預計學習的知識與能力,做了如下梳理與羅列:
Teaching material?? Lesson 9 Prepositions “LGWFL English transition courses from primary school to middle school”
Lesson Type??? Grammar:Prepositions
Teaching aid?? Multimedia,PPT,blackboard,Exercise worksheet
Teaching objectives:By the end of this lesson,the students will be able to:1. Understand and master the use of different kinds of prepositions;2. Use the prepositions skillfully.
Emotion objective:Cultivate the students observation and inductive ability.
Teaching important points:1. Master the use of the prepositions of time and prepositions of place,etc. 2. Be able to use different kinds of prepositions correctly in real situation.
已
知??? 1AM1U2 My classmates A book,a pencil,for you and me.
1BM2U3 Drinks I like?? Happy birthday to you!
2AM3U2 In my room??? Put the book in the bag. Put the box on the desk.
2BM3U1 The four seasons???? I like doing... in/on...;in+(seasons)spring/summer/autumn/winter;in the park,in the water,skate on the ice
3AM1U2 Whats your name? stand up,sit down,look at the blackboard,pick up your pencil,write sth. on the paper
3BM3U3 Seasons?? in the park,go to the beach,in July,be afraid of,come in,go away
4AM3U2 Around my home?? near/behind/next to/in front of sp.,on a busy street,in our city,on Park Street,a map of your neighbourhood,talk about it with your classmates,at the street corner,in the evening,on Nanjing Road,on the slide,in the lake,in the centre of...,in the restaurants,in the hotels
4AM4U3 Weather? in+(month)January/February/March/April/May/June/July/August/September/October/November/December
in+(seasons)spring/summer/autumn/winter;Hows the weather in...?make phone calls to each other,in a year,on the playground,at Christmas,receive an e-mail from sb.,tell sb. about sth.,the end of the year,on the path
4BM1U3 Look at the shadow!????? on the lawn,at noon,in the sky,on the beach,on the path,run away,play with...,on the wall,on the floor,go/walk down,at seven oclock,goes with sb.,look back,like,run after,go off,have tea with sb.,fall into,cry in fear,in beer,burst into tears.
4BM3U3 Days of the week??? on+(day)Monday/Tuesday/Wednesday/Thursday/Friday/Saturday/Sunday;at weekends,go to Rainbow Park,the days of the week,in the middle of...,in the music club,in the music room,in the hall,from Monday to Friday,at home
應
知??? 5AM1U2 My way to school?? ride a bike to school,walk to school,on foot,by bus,at traffic lights,at zebra crossings,wait for the green light,wait on the pavement,run on the road,get off the train,at... station,stay on the bus,for... minutes,get off at... stop,walk from A to B. This is his journey to work.
5AM4U1 Water????? in the teapot,pour... into...,in the mountains,run down,run through,run into,be part of,fall from the sky,go up to the sky,rise up to the sky,in a cloud,fly over rivers and mountains,on the ground,fall down to the ground,inside the tree
預
知??? 5BM1U3 How noisy!???? around,at City Square,play loud music for Ben,live on Mars,in the world,on ones birthday,say to sb.,hear about
5BM4U2 Western holidays??? in the UK,give sth. to sb.,at Easter,at Halloween,knock on,on this holiday,cut out,take out,play a trick on sb.
5BM4U3 Story time????? put up,hear sth. from...,break down,in the castle,at last
6AM2U5 Open Day?????? plan sth. for...,arrive at/in,at the entrance,listen to sth.,in the hall,on the Open Day,in different places,write sth. to sb.,invite sb. to sp.,take photos for...
6AM3U8 The food we eat???? Id like... for breakfast/lunch/dinner.,what kind of...,steamed prawns with garlic,the price of sth.,at the fish stall,in the seafood section,in the market/supermarket
6BM1U1 Great Cities in Asia north/south/east/west of... north-east/north-west/south-east/south-west of... the capital of,travel from A to B,information about sth.,at beautiful beaches,in Asia
7AM2U5 Choosing a new flat?????? near/next to/on/opposite/between ... and .../in front of
7BM1U1 Writing a travel guide??? in the centre/south/... of Shanghai,on Chongming Island
8AM3U7 Nobody wins? in,on,beside,under,above,next to,in front of,behind,between
8BM1U1 Trees?????? pass sth. to sb.,be known as,thank for,communicate with,against,belong to
9AM1U1 Ancient Greece????? since,for,match... with...,sail away,take sth. with sb.,look down at...,by midnight,go into,go out of,return to,pull into,hang up,get rid of,speak to sb.
【教案設計】
Teaching Plan
Procedures????? Contents? Methods? Purposes
I. Pre-task
preparations??? 1. Review.????? Activity 1 Revision
Ss:Think and answer the question:What prepositions do you know??? To warm up;To recall their memory.
II. While-task
procedures????? 2. Identify the common use of prepositions of time;??? Activity 2 Presentation
Ss:Match the use of prepositions of time,and take notes.???? To review the use of prepositions of time.
3. Practise distinguishing the use of prepositions of time;??? Activity 3 Practice
Ss:Do the exercise on PPT and summarize the use of prepositions of time.?????? To help students to have a clear understanding about prepositions of time.
4. Understand and master the use of prepositions of place;? Activity 4 Presentation
Ss:Find where Jerry is and use formula “in包含,on接壤,隔海相望to來幫”to help distinguish in,on and to.?? To recall their memory;To cultivate the students observation and inductive ability.
5. Practise using the use of prepositions of place. Activity 5 Practice
Ss:Fill in the blanks with the hints in pictures and do the multiple choice exercises.? To practice using prepositions of place.
6. Identity when to use prepositions of instrumentality:in,with and by.????? Activity 6 Presentation
Ss:Answer the questions.?????? To learn how to use prepositions of instrumentality in real situations.
7. Be more familiar with using prepositions of movement.? Activity 7 Presentation
Ss:Understand the meaning of prepositions of movement in phrases and do translation exercises.??? To be equipped with the ability of knowing the use of prepositions of movement.
8. Learn to use other prepositions:of,like and about.??? Activity 8 Presentation
Ss:Answer the questions.?????? To know about the different meanings of other prepositions:of,like and about.
9. Be more familiar with the meanings of prepositional phrases. Activity 9 Practice
Ss:Matching games.?????? To recall their memory;To review the prepositional phrases.
III. Post-task
procedures????? 10. Homework worksheet.???? Activity 10 Production
Ss:Complete the exercises after class.??? To consolidate the knowledge of prepositions.
(責任編輯:向志莉)
【執教反思】
一、學生立于課堂中心,教師示范以促學習
在這節課的教學設計中,教師始終遵循“確立正確主體,將學習主動權交給學生”的原則,以學生為課堂主體,力求活動能充分調動學生學習積極性。秉持在體驗中學習,在實踐中運用,在遷移中創新的學習理念,在教學過程中,教師注意創設各類動畫和情境,讓學生在輕松愉悅的氛圍中掌握知識;注重學生的情感教育,通過小組PK的游戲活動等方式激發學生的學習興趣和熱情;努力營造民主和諧的課堂氛圍,對學生大膽的、有創意的發言及時給予肯定并引導進一步思考;積極通過quick response的問答形式,讓每一位學生都有機會在課堂上快速檢驗當堂課語法知識點的掌握情況;在教學過程中及時給予板書書寫示范,為學生提供知識信息和記憶的顯性留存,言傳身教,以另一種方式陪伴學生記筆記。
二、尊重學生知識差異,倡導組內互助討論
每個學生都有獨特性和個體差異性,教師需要尊重每位學生的知識差異性。在教學過程中,教師設置3—4個學生為一組,通過組內討論、相互幫扶的形式,激發彼此的學習記憶;在此過程中關注到落單的學生以及有社交恐懼的學生,尤其是學習上需要幫助的學生,給他們以提示和輔導,幫助其逐漸有所產出,培養英語課堂活動的參與性和積極性,并在課堂上提出鼓勵和肯定,給小組討論的成果及時給予積極反饋,形成良好的班級學習氛圍。
三、重視學生年齡特點,多種手段激發興趣
目前學生處于小升初的關鍵時期,在這個過程中,學生需要轉變學習方法和心態。這一年齡段的學生在學習語言時,通常對語言所表達的意義更感興趣,而忽視語言的規則和表達形式。當提及語法規則,大多數學生都會覺得枯燥乏味。因此,在語法課堂上,教學的興趣更為重要,教師要結合學生參與各種具體學習活動的表現來制訂活動方式;有必要參考國內外活動書籍,線上線下觀摩大公開課開展了哪些活動,結合學生的特點,設置有趣的英語活動。