Unit 6 Earth first

Section I Starting out amp; Understanding ideas **

基礎訓練

①單詞拼寫 根據首字母或漢語提示，用本部分所學單詞的正確形式填空。

1. It s me to think I was alone in the building at night.

2.F _， no one was hurt in this earthquake.

3. It's better for you to keep a positive a toward life.

4. He was standing by a pool and about to d in.

5.The climate change might be one of the causes of the e of dinosaurs.

6.The enemy must have made full preparation for the （攻擊）.

7.Some people were afraid of swimming in the sea because of （鯊魚）.

8. David watched her car until it （消失） from view.

9. The fast-food industry continues to （把……作為目標）young people.

10. The weather last winter was （糟糕的）.

①選詞填空 用方框中所給短語的適當形式填空。

refer to due to be scared ofcut off rather than

1. The success was largely thehard work of their team.

2. We were having our English lesson when suddenly the electricity supply

3. If you don't know the meaning of the word， you may the dictionary.

4. The factory needed better management more money.

5.Don't asking for help when you are in trouble.

課文語法填空

The 1975 fim Jaws tells the story of a great white shark that attacks and kills_1（swim）. It strengthens people's long-held idea of the great white shark as a dangerous animal.

People have always been scared of sharks， but Jaws made things _2_ （bad）. Some people stopped swimming in the sea， afraid of the horrible creature from the film. Other people started fishing for sharks，_3_（kill） as many as they could. At that time， nobody_4_（care） if sharks were killed， or how many were killed.

After 1975，_5_number of large sharks around America fell quickly. This was not only due 6fear of sharks，but also finning. Finning is a type of fishing where sharks _7（catch） and their fins cut off. Finning kills millions of sharks a year.

In 1980， Benchley， the man_8_wrote the book the film Jaws was based on， was diving when he came across an awful sight. The sea floor was covered with dead sharks. From that day on， hefought_9_（protect）sharks.

Fortunately， not everyone who watched the film became afraid of sharks-some became interested in understanding them. Today， as we learn more about sharks， more people than ever want to protect them_10_extinction.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

能力提升

①閱讀理解

According to the wildlife trade monitoring organization—TRAFFIC， about one million pangolins （穿山甲） were killed from 20o0 through 20l3，mainly for their scales （鱗片），which are used in medicine. Pangolins are sensitive creatures and picky eaters that only eat certain kinds of ants， a diet that’s very difficult to copy in the food chain.

“In the last decade， there's been a huge growth trade in pangolins between continents， especially their scales，” says Dan Challender， chair of the pangolin specialist group. Previously， most pangolin kiling happened within Asia， he says. This change means that Asian pangolins are becoming difficult to find but that the value of the scales makes it worth the extra cost to take pangolins from Africa to Asia secretly.

All eight types of pangolins， four in Africa and four in Asia， are in danger of extinction due to the illegal trade. International trade in the four types of Asian pangolins has been banned （禁止） since 20oo. In the past few years， a ban on international commercial trade in all eight types has gone into effect. It was voted by 183 governments are that parties to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species （CITES）， which is in charge of cross-border trade in wild animals and their parts.

Pangolins are eaten as bushmeat in western and central Africa and by some local groups in South and Southeast Asia. Their parts also are used in Ghana， Nigeria， South Africa， and elsewhere in sub-Saharan Africa as traditional medicine. But they are now endangered. Perhaps no pangolins can be seen when our next generation grow up.

1. What can we learn about pangolins from Paragraph 1？

A. Their meat is very delicious. B. They are killed for their scales.

C. They eat all kinds of ants. D. They are at the top of the food chain.

2. Why are pangolins brought from Africa to Asia？

A. They are cheaper in Africa. B.No laws protect them in Africa.

C. People in Asia can really save them. D. They are rare in Asia now.

3. What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us about pangolins？

A. They have many different types. B. The bans on their trade are worthwhile.

C. Governments have tried to protect them. D. People trade them in different ways.

4. What is the author's attitude towards pangolins’ future？

A. Positive. B. Uncaring. C. Concerned. D. Confident.

①閱讀七選五

Imagine an area 34 times the size of Manhattan. Now imagine it covered ankle-deep in plastic waste—a total of about 19 billion pounds of garbage. _ 1

“We're being overwhelmed （淹沒） by our waste，” said Jenna Jambeck， an environmental engineer who led the study that determined this surprising number. _ 2 ，unless something is done to stop the tide of garbage.

Plastic—a widely-used material—has in many ways been a benefit to humans but it has also caused a growing problem. Today， plastics are the No.l type of garbage found in the sea. Ocean Conservancy， a nonprofit organization that organizes an annual coastal clean-up event worldwide， said plastic waste makes up around 85 percent of the garbage collected from beaches and oceans.

Ocean Conservancy says plastics are believed to threaten （威脅） at least 6Oo different wildlife species（物種）._ 3_. A growing body of evidence suggests humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat. A research suggests some plastics could be poisonous to humans， and could potentially increase the risk of health problems.

4 _. At the Economist World Ocean Summit， ten nations announced to reduce plastic sea litter as part of UN Environment's CleanSeas campaign._5_. Corporations also have a role，as do individuals.We can start by thinking twice before using single-use plastic products—and when we do use them， we should take care to properly throw them off or recycle.

A. The following is what we should do

B. And it’s not just wildlife that’s threatened

C. And this figure is likely to double by next year

D. But it’s not just countries that need to do their part

E. By 2050， that figure is expected to rise to 1，000 pieces

F. That’s how much plastic waste ends up in our oceans every year

G. All of us have an important role to play in dealing with the problems

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Section I Using language ★**

基礎訓練

①單句語法填空 在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。

1.He （devote） all his collections to helping the homeless children.

2. She spent too much time in preparing for her tomorrow's （present）.

3.Our school （adopt） a new teaching method recently.

4. Our body requires a continuous supply food and water.

5.No one had been able to escape the （cruel） of war at that time

6. Hundreds of buildings （damage） due to the severe earthquake.

7. Don't （affect） by her words. She's just lying.

8. This creature's tail will grow again if it is cut

9. Wearing a mask can prevent you from the （infect）.

10. There's much we can do to protect sharks extinction.

①完成句子 根據漢語提示，結合本單元所學語法知識完成句子。

1.當我回到辦公室時，我發現我的桌子被搬走了。When I returned to my office， I

2.所有問題解決后，他開始考慮旅行。 .， he began to think of a journey.

3.他們離開了，留下我一個人做剩下的所有工作。They left， all therest ofwork.

4.由于建了這座橋，這兩個村莊現在連接起來了。 With ，the two villages are connected now.

5.因為急需講義，所以工人們讓機器運轉了一整天。 The papers were in great need， so the workers all day long.

Ⅲ句子合寫 用現在分詞或過去分詞合并下列句子。

1. Shefound the tall man with beard.Hewas involved in theaccident

2. As soon as we entered the hall， we saw a man on the stage. He was playing the piano.

3. We had no difficulty finding the house with the little boy. The litle boy was leading the way.

4. When I came into the classroom this morning， I found him. He was reading a novel

5. The young man was caught by the police. He was stealing a car.

能力提升

①完形填空

Both in their seventies， Tububatu and his wife Taoshengchagan live in a village near Badain Jaran， Inner Mongolia. They've been spending every day since they retired in 2Oo2_1against sandstorm. Before Tububatu， others had tried but_2_. He just wanted to make a diffrence.He started by_3just 50 trees a year， but kept doubling his efforts to the point where he now plants thousands of trees a year.

The retired couple have been slowly growing their litle desert forest at their own_4_， so that they live a very_5_life.Even though they mostly plant drought-resistant （抗旱的） types like sacsaoul trees and desert cistanche， they still make sure to_6_them at least once a day to make them grow healthily.

Although they have been_7_by some neighbors who think their efforts are sure to fail， they haven’t given up. Over the last 19 years， the couple have planted over 266 hectares of desert and have no_8_of stopping.

Besides slowing the spread of the desert， Tububatu is also making a living by planting， as the desert cistanche is a（n）_9_medicinal plant that can sell for up to 1oo yuan per kilogram.

For nearly 2O years， Tububatu and his wife have been_1O_hard in the process and they have planted over 70，0oo trees，_11more than 1 million yuan of their savings. The_12 conditions have weakened their health and they look _13_than they actually are， but they refuse to abandon（放棄） their battle against the_14

The couple have received several _15_and honors from the government over the years. becoming a good model for all environmentalists.

1. A. charging B. warning C. fighting D. voting

2. A. changed B. finished C. failed D. disappeared

3. A. growing B. buying C. keeping D. protecting

4.A. expense B. risk C. time D. convenience

5.A. comfortable B. quiet C. happy D. simple

6. A. cut B. cover C. water D. replace

7. A. cheered up B. laughed at C. turned down D. taken in

8. A. plans B. hopes C. chances D. ways

9.A. cheap B. ordinary C. useless D. popular

10. A. working B. planting C. urging D. earning

11. A. losing B. spending C. wasting D. collecting

12. A. special B. strange C. different D. terrible

13.A. taller B. dirtier C. thinner D. older

14. A. village B. desert C. neighbor D.environment

15.A.cards B. letters C. prizes D. reviews

①語法填空

Passage 1

Humanity's ongoing destruction （破壞） of wildlife will lead to a shrinking of nature， with the average body size of animals _1_（fall） by a quarter， a study predicts.

The researchers estimate that more than 1，0oo kinds of larger animals will die out in the next century. They say this could lead to the collapse （崩潰） of ecosystems_2_are important for humans to get food and clean water.

Humans_3_（destroy） most large animals from all inhabited （有人居住的） continents apart from Africa over the last 125，ooO years. This destruction will speed up rapidly in the coming years， according to the_4_ （late） research.

Animal populations have fallen by 60% since 1970， suggesting a sixth mass _5_（extinct） of life on Earth is under way because of the ruining of wild _6_ （area）， hunting and farming. Scientists said that human society was _7_danger from the drop of the Earth's natural lifesupport systems， with half of natural ecosystems now destroyed and_8_total of a million species at risk of dying out.

The future disappearance can_9_ （avoid） if complete action is taken _10_ （protect） wildlife habitats， and the scientists say the new work can help focus efforts on key animals.

1._ 2. 3. 4. 5.

6._ 7. 8. 9. 10.

Passage 2

Over two decades ago， an Asian elephant named Motala stepped on a landmine and got her left front leg seriously injured. She limped for three days before she _1（save） by a special hospital in Thailand.

2（equip） with a prosthetic （義肢的） leg， she was taken care of for over 2O years.Every morning and afternoon， Motala walks around the lawn outside her tent for a while. Deep in the forest of Lampang Province in northern Thailand， the hospital， named Friends of the Asian Elephant （FAE）， is_3_first hospital in the world dedicated to treating injured elephants.

Since its_4（establish） in 1993， the hospital_5（help） more than 5，000 elephants with illnesses varying from diarrhoea to eye diseases and injuries through car accidents or mine explosions.Prior to the World Elephant Day， Soraida Salwala， 68，_6_has dedicated half of her life to saving those giant creatures， talked about the friendship with elephants.

Her story began when she was eight years old. She encountered an injured elephant _7_（lie） on the side of the road as it was hit_8_a truck.“I cried and begged my dad to take him to the hospital， but he told me that it was too big to be received，and no one knew how to save it. _9 （final） the elephant died，\" Soraida said， recalling with sadness.

Many tragedies，like this， inspired her_10_（build） a hospital specialized in saving injured elephants.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

6._ 7. 8. 9. 10.

Section I Developing ideas

基礎訓練

①單詞填空 用所給詞的適當形式填空。

1. He continued to work there for almost 5O years， his life to his research work.His to the job is worth praising. （devote）

2. He has a deep for his old friend whose speech him deeply. （affect）

3. The machine in this house uses too much （electricity）

4. The company is making great efforts at uses ，because the price of their products has been by 20% . （reduce）

5. Weather ， we will go hiking tomorrow. If you want to go with us， you need to get your parents' . （permit）

6. The painting was by the family to the museum. Visitors will be admitted on of their own ID card. （present）

7. John is because he hasn't seen his daughter for hours. There is a for her safety. （concerned）

8. Although it's not a severe ， I don't want you to be （infect）

9. Yesterday the captain that the mission should be finished before afternoon. （urge）

10. To protect the environment， he everything that is in his daily life. （reuse）

①單句表達 根據括號內提示翻譯句子。

1.他們在這個項目上投入了大量的精力。（alargeamountof）

2.當你去旅游時，首先要考慮天氣。（take...into account）

3.要經過幾個月才能適應大學生活。（It takes...to...）

4.這棵樹是那棵樹的三倍高。（倍數 + as... as...）

5.應采取一切可能的方法來保護河流免受污染。（protect...from...）

血提示寫作

選用所給詞匯或句型造句，并組成一段連貫的短文（80詞左右）。

damage reduce in order to be good for take... into accountIt's better to... We are writing this letter to...

能力提升

T閱讀理解

Earth， our home， is the third planet from the sun. While scientists continue to hunt for life beyond Earth， our home planet remains the only place for human beings to live. On it， everyone you love， everyone you know， everyone you ever heard of lived out their lives. That's home. That's us.

Our Earth is a book writen by Jane Calame. It's also a helpful guide to caring for our planet. Our planet is unique for many reasons， but its fresh water and oxygen are two key things. Water covers about 71% of Earth's surface， with most of that water lying in our planet's oceans. About a fifth of the air is oxygen， produced by plants. But water and air pollution is becoming more and more serious. The state of the natural world is alarming， making it a must for us to be knowledgeable about it. But the future of Earth doesn’t have to be a negative one. This amazing children's book has some cheerful pictures as it explains the planet we live on.

By providing ideas for ways in which we can all look after Earth in a workable and childfriendly manner， Our Earth is the perfect book for educating environmentalists or any member of the next generation. The delightful pictures and easy-to-understand language make the underlying message in this book simple， and children aged eight or above will enjoy reading it.

Whether you choose to walk or ride your bike to school， or sort out your rubbish， or live a greener life with a good habit of little things， Our Earth teaches readers that we can all play a part in shaping the future of the planet， no matter how small the action or how young the person is.

1. What is the purpose of the first paragraph？

A. To present a new discovery. B. To show we are a family on Earth.

C. To introduce the topic of the text. D.To explain the secret of Earth.

2. What can we learn about Earth from Paragraph 2？

A.Fresh water covers 71% of its surface. B. The future of it will not be positive.

C.Most of the air on it is produced by plants. D. It is suffering from water and air pollution.

3.What makes Our Earth a perfect book to educate children？

A.Itsclearideas. B. Its writing style.

C. Its colourful pictures. D. Its useful knowledge.

4. Where is the text most probably taken from？

A. A review of a play. B. A story on the Earth.

C.An introduction to a book. D.An advertisement for an activity.

B

Air pollution is one of the world's invisible killers. It causes seven million deaths a year， making it the largest single environmental health risk. In cities， air pollution is particularly serious.

One well-established way to reduce air pollution is to plant trees， as their leaves catch and absorb harmful particulates （微粒）. But planting new trees is not always a good choice for lack of enough space. That’s why the“City Tree”，a mobile tree which removes pollution from the air， has been becoming popular in cities around the world， including Oslo， Paris， Brussels and Hong Kong.

Each City Tree is just under 4 meters tall， nearly 3 meters wide and 2.19 meters deep， acting as a chair or a bench.A screen is included for information or advertising. Berlin-based Green City Organization explains that its invention has the environmental benefit of up to 275 actual trees.

But the City Tree isn't， in fact，a tree at all—it's a moss culture （青苔培植）.“Moss cultures have a much larger leaf surface area than any other plant. That means we can catch more pollutants，” said Zhengliang Wu， co-founder of Green City Organization.

The huge surfaces of moss in each tree can remove dust， NO₂ and O₃ gases from the air. It requires very litle care： solar panels （電池板） provide electricity， while rainwater is collected into a container and then sent into the soil.

To monitor the health of the moss， the City Tree has sensors which measure soil humidity （濕度）， temperature and water quality.“We also have pollution sensors inside the trees， which help monitor the local air quality and tell us how efcient the tree is，” Wu said. Its creators say that each City Tree is able to absorb around 250 grams of particulate matter a day and contributes to removing 480 tons of CO₂ a year.

5. Why is the City Tree becoming popular in cities？

A. It takes up less space. B. It is very easy to move.

C. It requires very little care. D.It can be used for advertisement.

6.What can we learn about the City Tree？

A. It is an ordinary tree growing leaves. B. It is a mobile tree offering electricity.

C. It is a mobile tree providing rainwater. D. It is a moss culture taking in pollution.

7. What does the City Tree depend on to work？

A. Soil and rainwater. B. Solar panels and sensors. C. Temperature and humidity. D. Moss culture and managemen1

8.How is the future of the City Tree according to the text？

A. Uncertain. B. Upset. C. Promising. D. Worrying.

①完形填空

My love for animals began through watching wildlife documentaries when I was a kid. I went on to study Environmental Science at university， and became _1_in marine （海洋的） biology when I did my PhD at the University of Hong Kong. That’s when I_2_that there was a possibility to do more for Hong Kong.

I was very lucky to_3_Ms Claire Nouvian when I graduated from my PhD in 2009.At that time， Claire was _4_another non-profit organization， BLOOM Hong Kong， after founding the Bloom Association in France a few years before， and she_5_me to work on promoting marine conservation （保護）. We do this mainly by being research-focused， arousing public _6_，and trying to fillknowledge gaps. We then share our information with front-line officers， such as fishery managers and customs officers， to help them _7_how important their role is in implementing （執行） regulations to the wildlife trade， and offer suggestions on how to make implementation work more_8

We are still a city in love with_9_and Hong Kong has the second highest annual seafood 10_in Asia—but consumers are hardly aware of where their seafood comes from and which kinds are_11

With the marine ecosystem already _12_， the greatest threat is continued ignorance and inaction. We humans have been a_13_part of the problem， but now it is time for us to show that we can also be a part of the_14_. If each person around us plays their part—even for just one meal a day， Hong Kong would already be on its way to making great_15_towards sustainable seafood consumption.

1. A. interested B. skilled C. careful D. experienced

2.A.learned B.realized C. urged D.admitted

3.A. meet B. help C. guide D.affect

4. A. looking into B. leaving for C. working for D. setting up

5.A. invited B. followed C. reminded D. took

6.A. response B. memory C. concern D. worry

7.A. understand B.consider C. inform D. announce

8.A.careful B. popular C. productive D.admirable

9.A. wildlife B. seafood C. trade D. health

10.A.business B. consumption C. campaign D. donation

11.A. saved B. reduced C. killed D. threatened

12.A. complete B. hopeless C. weak D. promising

13.A. unique B. significant C. useless D. protective

14. A. solution B. conclusion C. plan D. development

15. A. budget B. connection C. currency D. progress

話題表達指導

話題介紹

話題：勸導性的書信。寫作時，要清晰地點出寫信的目的，并給出充分的理由勸說對方。理由要合情合理，用詞要得體，既要委婉禮貌，又要有說服力。

建議體裁：應用文。

注意事項：明確倡議信的“三段式”結構：

1.點明寫信的目的；

2.分析原因。要有理有據，力求客觀、真實、有說服力。語氣要委婉、中肯，用詞要得體；

3.重申自己的建議，禮貌結束全文。

題例導學

題目

假定你是某學校學生會主席李華。在世界環境日（6月5日）到來之際，請你代表學生會用英語寫一封倡議信，向全校師生發出環保倡議。內容包括：

1.說明環保的重要性;2.具體措施;3.倡議行動。注意：1.詞數80左右；2.可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。

思路引導1·要點分析

1.環保的重要性：環境遭到破壞后產生的變化和這些變化帶給我們的警示；

2.具體措施：不亂扔垃圾、綠色出行、節約資源、資源循環利用等;

3.倡議行動：表達自己的期望以及號召大家行動起來。

思路引導2·本單元語言知識運用

根據漢語意思及提示翻譯句子。

1.我們的地球受到嚴重污染，全球變暖導致了極端天氣。（severely，globalwarming）2.所有的這些現象都在警示我們，環境保護正變得越來越緊迫。（Allof thesewarn usthat... ）

3.我們應該有環保意識，絕不隨地亂扔垃圾。（drop littercarelessly）

4.當我們外出時，我們可以選擇步行或騎自行車。（when引導的時間狀語從句）

5.讓地球變得更好是我們的責任。（Itis...to...）

思路引導3·連句成篇

Dear schoolmates，

Student Union

范例展示

Dear schoolmates，

In the past several years， our earth has been severely polluted and global warming has led to extreme weather. All of these warn us that protecting the environment is becoming very urgent.

As students， we can still do something. Firstly， we should have environmental awareness. Never drop litter carelessly. What's more， let’s follow a green lifestyle. When we go out， we can choose to walk or ride a bike. Public transportation is also a good choice. Last but not least， try to persuade people around you to protect the environment.

It's our duty to make the earth better. Let’s take action now.

Student Union

話題表達

假定你是高一學生李華。你校英語報的“GreenLife”欄目現向全校師生征稿。請你以“減緩全球變暖，共創美好家園”為主題，用英語寫一封倡議信并投稿。內容包括：

1.全球變暖的影響;2.減緩全球變暖的生活方式；3.表達期待。注意：1.詞數80左右;2.可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫；3.開頭已經給出，不計人總詞數。

Dear fellowstudents，

As we all know， human activity has caused severe global warming.

Li Hua

**★Section IV Presenting ideas 核心短語與句型回顧

短語

1. be of...害怕·…

2. 在恐懼中

3. cut 切斷

4. 偶然遇到

5. the other way 恰好相反

6. 錯誤地

7. have an effect/impact 對… 有影響

8. 瞄準

9.get in涉及，卷入

10.. 未經許可

11. be reduced 減少了……

12. the of大多數

13. a large of許多，大量

14. take... 把…考慮進去

15.be concerned 為……擔憂

16.contribute 有助于；促進

17.. 平均

18. 提出；想出

19. depend 依靠；取決于

20. turn 關閉

句型

1.現在分詞（短語）作結果狀語 Jaws was a great success， （吸 引了大批觀眾） and winning many awards.

2.形容詞（短語）作狀語 Some people stopped swimming in the sea， （因為害怕那種可怕的生物） from the film.

3.完全倒裝句 （今天和我一起的是林峰），a staff member working here.

4.動詞不定式作表語 Our job is （是保護和恢復） the natural environment.

5. It takes...to do...（需要幾百年的時間）forplastic tobreak down

6.倍數+as...as... However， making a paper bag uses （四倍的能量）makingaplastic bag and up to three times the amount of water.

7.Itbe...that...（強調句） （是食物的生產），notits transport， that uses most of the energy and produces most of the greenhouse gases.

開放式表達

請根據提示，運用本單元核心知識，以“倡議環保”為話題，談談你的看法提示：需用以下句型。

1. The biggest problem is...

2. In order to...， we propose that..

3.We are glad to see that...