[摘要] 目的 探討外傷致死急救處理中容易漏診的原因。方法 回顧性分析2006~2008年間與醫療有關的15例外傷致死已做尸解的病例資料。結果 最常見漏診的疾病是顱腦損傷,其次是心血管損傷,再者為復合傷中的內臟出血,少見的情況是臀部刀傷導致髂內靜脈的斷裂。結論 在急救中應仔細判斷病情,認真觀察病情變化,及時結合各種檢查,并及時準確診斷是急救成功的關鍵。
[關鍵詞] 漏診; 外傷致死; 尸解
[中圖分類號] DF795.1 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1673-9701(2009)13-50-02
Analysis of 15 Cases in Autopsy Caused by Trauma which Often Misdiagnosed in Emergency
WANG Zhaolin1 QIU Zebing2
1.Daying County Public Security Bureau;2.Daying County People’s Hospital,Sichuan 629300
[Abstract] ObjectiveTo study the reasons which often misdiagnosed in emergency. MethodsRetrospective analysis of 15 cases from which had been autopsied caused by trauma and relevance with medical treatment in from 2006 to 2008. ResultsThe craniocerebral trauma is the most reasons that caused misdiagnosis,second is cardiovacular trauma and the others include thoracoabdominal injuries and rare case of penetration of internal iliac vein due to the injury in site of gluteus. ConclusionIt is the key of obtaining success in emergency that judge the situation of wound accurately,and timely meanwhile observe the change of patient in carefully and combined with results of various examination properly.
[Key Words]Misdiagnosis; Death by trauma; Autopsy
數百年來,尸解是醫學教育與醫學研究中的一種重要工具。隨著現在醫學的發展,臨床醫師認為對疾病的診斷已經很準確,以及對尸解的規范化過程缺乏教育及經驗和醫療環節的改變,使尸解率全球下降。本文收集從2006~2008年間與臨床診治有關的外傷致死的法醫尸解病例15例,總結在急診救治過程中容易引起漏診的問題,提高急救成功率,降低醫療糾紛的發生。
1 材料與方法
收集法醫2006~2008年間所做的與醫療有關的尸解典型病例15例資料進行回顧性分析,總結急診過程中容易被忽
略的情況。
2 結果
15例致死原因中最常見被漏診的情況是顱腦損傷(5例),其中3例為硬脊膜下血腫漏診,1例基底動脈畸形出血伴小腦壞死,1例慢性顱內血腫伴出血;其次是心血管的損傷(3例),2例心臟胸肋面損傷,1例為主動脈損傷;其他分別為復合傷5例。患者就診時均病情危急,常優先處理危及生命的情況,忽視體征不明顯的隱性出血,尤其是內臟損傷引起的大出血,2例胸部外傷致腹腔實質臟器損傷出血,2例胸腹復合傷致肺挫傷伴血氣胸合并脾破裂,1例為頭胸復合傷;……