教學設計

●內容簡析

本課是為初四畢業班進入復習階段設計的內容。本節課采用輕松的語氣，引出寫作技巧中要掌握的作文基本框架，再通過提供給學生淺顯的對比范文，使學生明確什么是有系統、合邏輯的書面表達。然后用記敘文、議論文兩種不同體裁的對比例文讓學生明確不同體裁的主題句、主體和結尾句如何確定。加強學生對文章的潤色，給出學生評分標準，讓學生知道在關注文章細節的情況下，書面表達得高分并不難。

●目標定位

本節課是讓學生在寫作技巧、語篇布局上有更多收獲。

1.通過閱讀練習，學生能自己找出主題句、主體論點及結尾句。

2.學生獨立思考或與同桌交流，為一個作文題目勾勒出合適的主題句、主體論點及結尾句。

3.獨立或合作寫成一篇作文后進行師生共評和生生互評作文，共同提高寫作能力。

●寫作技能目標

1.Students can have a good understanding of writing structure.

2.They can write a logical composition by cooperation.

3.They can have a good knowledge of judging a composition good or not.

●學習策略

先以讀帶寫，以內容相近的對比例文讓學生明白好作文應該具備什么樣的結構;利用結構寫作教學策略要求學生寫一篇保護水資源的小作文。

●方法選擇

本課采用閱讀與寫作相結合的教學策略，側重于提高學生處理信息、分析問題和解決問題的能力。利用結構寫作教學策略給學生提供可以遵循的系統框架結構，提供可供學生模仿的范例;開展個人、小組活動，將獨立思考與小組活動結合起來;采用教師先批為范學生后批為學的方法。

●教學流程

Pre-class: The teacher prepare five compositions that are close to the students’life and easy to understand.

While-class:

Step One:Lead-in

1.Show students some pictures of Harry Potter and J.K.Rowling. Ask them to talk about J.K.Rowling in order to arouse their interest in writing.

2. Show a writing structure.

3. Explain the structure and make the Ss know what is a good composition.

(用圖片直觀導入可激發學生的學習興趣。由談論作家J.K.羅琳導出要進行英文寫作需要注意的文章結構。學生掌握了寫作中的結構框架，就能為判斷優劣文章做好準備。)

Step Two:Reading

1.Give the Ss two similar materials and make the Ss judge which one is better according to what they learnt just now. The teacher helps the Ss find out the reasons why it is better. (例文如下)

(A)score:

I have an old bicycle which my father gave me for my 12th birthday.I received a lot of presents that day，but the bicycle was my favorite one.We had cake and ice cream at the party.Then we rode our bicycles to the park.Jim had an accident on his bicycle and had to see a doctor.Then it started to rain.I rode my bicycle back home and did my homework.After dinner I took my bicycle out again and rode around the neighborhood.All my friends wanted to try my new bike.It was my favorite present that day.What a busy birthday I had!

(B) score:

My bicycle is old， but it isn’t useless. Many of my friends and family members tell me that I should buy a new bicycle， but my old one still works well. I can ride it to the stores， to the park， and to school. It is so old that no one will steal it. Someone might steal a new bicycle， but not an old one. Last week my mother’s motorcycle had a problem， so she borrowed my bicycle to visit her friend. Sometimes a bicycle is even more useful than a motorcycle! We should not throw things away just because they are old. We should use things till they become useless.

2.Explain what is a narrative writing. Show the Ss two similar narrative materials and make the Ss choose the better one， then tell the reasons why it’s better.(例文如下)

(C) score:

“Practice makes perfect” is really a good saying. At the beginning of our summer vacation， my friends invited me to go swimming with them. I was embarrassed to tell them that I couldn’t swim. My best friend Jill told me that she would help teach me. Every day during the vacation for an hour or two， Jill slowly taught me how to swim. Before our classes began again， I could swim one time across the swimming pool. How happy I was! I now understand the true meaning of friendship.

Topic Sentence___________;

ConcludingSentence _____;

Supporting Ideas__________.

(D)score:

Now I really understand what “Practice makes perfect”means.Half a year ago，I didn’t know how to swim.To be honest，I was even afraid of going into a swimming pool.My best friend Jill told me that she would be glad to teach me how to swim.Day after day during the summer vacation，Jill spent an hour or two with me every day，showing me how to swim.At the end of the summer vacation，I could swim once across the pool.I never felt so happy in my life!Now I realize that，if you want to succeed at anything，you must practice day after day until you are successful.

Topic Sentence__________;

ConcludingSentence ____________;

作者從幾方面寫來支持主題“熟能生巧”的?

3.Explain argumentative writing and show the Ss a material. Ss judge if the composition is good or not. If not，correct it together，then the teacher teach the Ss to give the composition a final score according to the following Writing Check List.(例文、圖表如下)

(E)score:

Health is More Important

Which is more important，health or wealth?I can hardly answer this question.I didn’realize that health is more important until I see a businessman’s real life.

A successful businessman，one of my father’s friends，is always busy for his business.He works from morning to night every day.There is no weekends in his mind.He often says “I must earn much money so that I can get what I want.”But lately，he is ill.Though he has a lot of money，he can do nothing but lie in the hospital’s bed.

So I think health is more important than wealth.People can do nothing if they are always in poor health.

Writing Check List

(本階段是信息輸入階段。通過大量的閱讀訓練，學生能真正學會確定一篇作文的主題句、支持論點與結尾句，從而辨別出優劣作文。教師列出打分細則表并對作文進行講評，學生在教師講評過程中有所借鑒，汲取經驗，對后面的生生互評起到鋪墊作用。)

Step Three:While-writing

Show the Ss a writing structure:

(讓學生寫前考慮一篇好文章的結構和轉折詞的運用，學生腦子里有了框架，作文就好寫多了。)

Step Four:While-writing

1.Giving the Ss a specific topic:請閱讀廣告詞:If we don’t save water， the last drop of water will be a tear-drop.根據提示，寫一篇80~100字的作文。提示:1.生活離不開水;2.可飲用水在減少(reduce).

2. Having a discussion about the supporting ideas for the topic in groups.

3. Write a composition according to the structure they have learnt in this class. Two of them come to the Bb.

(討論能培養學生的合作、探究學習能力。文章結構的確定能解決很多學生寫作不知如何下手的問題。)

Step Five:Post-writing

Ask Ss to work in groups. Share and check their rough composition with each other according to the Writing Check List just like the Reading part above. Correct mistakes and give the score. Each group can choose the best one to read in class.Each group offer one good topic sentence， three supporting ideas， one concluding sentences.The whole class share together.

(組織學生修改本組成員寫出的作文，選出最佳作文全班分享。小組互評能使學生取長補短，對進一步完善自己的作文有極大的幫助，還能調動學生的積極性，激發學生的熱情。)

Step Six: Homework

Ask the Ss to polish and revise their writing and hand in the final draft.

(學生可根據互評和教師對個別文章的課堂點評對自己的文章進行修改和潤色，完成終稿并上交。)

(通過這個表格讓每個學生回顧本節課的收獲、學到的規范作文結構、好短語、好句子，對自己本節課的表現有個總結。)