10個最常見的短語解析

1. to get on : (to enter， board)

解析:to get on(搭乘，上車) 動詞get的用法很多，常常在后面接用各種不同的介系詞或副詞而形成意義不同的習語。這里的on是介詞，后面的bus和subway用作它的賓語。如果on作副詞用，則有進步，相處甚好的意思。 如:

(1) I always get on the bus at 34th Street.

我總是在34街搭乘公共汽車。

(2) William gets on the subway at the same station

every morning.

威廉每天早晨在同一車站搭乘地下火車。

(3) He is getting on well with his classmates .

他和同學們相處得很好。

2. to get off : (to leave)

解析:to get off (下車)與上面的get on相反。get off也有好些其它的意義，如寄出，離開等。下車也可以用get out of a carriage或car， 不過下電車或公共汽車多用get off。如:

(1) Helen got off the bus at 42nd Street.

海倫在42街下公共汽車。

(2) At what station do you usually get off the

subway?

你通常在哪一站下地鐵?

(3) Please get the letters off in good time.

請按時寄出信件。

(4) A clever lawyer may be able to get you off.

一位聰明的律師可能會為你脫罪。

3. to put on: (to place on oneself-said particularly

of clothes)

解析:to put on (穿，戴)特別指穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽、戴眼鏡也用這個成語。英文中還有wear和dress二字也是穿的意思。可是wear是繼續的動作，表示穿著的狀態，而put on是一時的動作。下面兩個句子都是錯的:

I shall wear my overcoat before I go out (應用put on).

In such cold weather I put on my overcoat all day (應用wear).

dress的意思是 put clothes on后面的賓語一定是人，如dress a child， dress oneself， be dressed in white。如:

(1) Mary dressed herself in a red coat and left.

瑪麗穿上她的紅外套就離開了。

(2) Why is John dressed in a strange suit?

約翰為什么穿著奇裝異服?

4. to take off : (to remove)

解析:to take off (脫去)與put on 的意義相反，指脫去衣物鞋帽，可以用get off。 如:

(1) John took off his hat as he entered the room.

約翰在進屋時脫下他的帽子。

(2) Is Helen taking off her coat because it is too

warm in the room?海倫是不是因為室內太暖

和而脫去她的外衣呢?

5. to call up: (to telephone)

解析:to call up (打電話給……)后面一定要有賓語，也就是接電話的人。如果賓語是代詞的話，常插在call與up 之間。如:

(1) I forgot to call up Mr. Jones yesterday although

I promised to call him upexactly at three

o'clock.

我昨天忘記打電話給瓊斯先生，雖然我答應

了在三點鐘的時候打電話給他的。

(2) Did anyone call me up while I was out?

我出去的時候有人打電話來找我嗎?

6. to turn on : (to start， begin)

解析:to turn on (扭開，打開)指扭開電燈，電爐，電扇，煤氣等的按鈕或開關，以及自來水的水龍頭等而言。如:

(1) Please turn on the light. This room is dark.

請你扭開電燈，這房間太黑暗了。

(2) Someone turned on the radiator in this room

while we were out.

我們外出時，有人把房內的電爐扭開了。

7. to turn off : (to stop)

解析:to turn off (關閉，停止)指扭熄電燈，關閉無線電、自來水等。關燈也可以用switch offthe light. 如:

(1) Please turn off the light. We do not need it

now.

請把電燈關了，我們現在不需要它。

(2) Shall I turn off the radio or are you still

listening to it? 我可以把收音機關掉嗎，你是

不是還要收聽呢?

8.right away : (immediately， at once， very soon)

解析:right away(立刻，馬上)為美國口頭語，沒有immediately與at once正式，與right now (exactly now )的意思相仿。如:

(1) She says that dinner will be ready right away.

她說晚餐馬上就準備好了。

(2) Can William come to my office right away?

威廉能夠立刻就到我的辦公室來嗎?

9. to pick up : (to take-especially with fingers)

解析:to pick up(拾起，揀起)尤指用手指把東西拿起來。to pick up還有很多其它的用法。如

a. 讓人搭便車:

The motorist picked up a couple of servicemen along the highway.

這個乘汽車的人在公路上讓兩個軍人搭乘便車。

b. 聽會，自然學會，(言語，游戲等):

He never studied French; what he knows he picked up while living in France.

他從來沒有學過法文;他所知道的是他住在法國的時候學會的。

c. 捉住，逮捕，選出:

I picked up London last night.

昨晚我在無線電聽到了倫敦的播音。

更多相關例句:

(1) John Picked up the newspaper which was on

his desk.

約翰把書桌上的報紙拿了起來。

(2) Why didn't you pick up that pencil which lay

on the floor?

你為什么不把地板上的那枝鉛筆拾起來

呢?

10. at once: (immediately， very soon， right away)

解析:at once (立刻，馬上)為通用的副詞，也可以表示“同時”，如:

(1) He asked me to come to his office at once.

他請我立刻就到他的辦公室去。

(2) I want you to send this telegram at once.

我希望你馬上把這電報發出去。

(3) This book is at once interesting and instructive.

此書既有趣又有啟發性。

(4) We can’t do two things at once.

我們不能同時做兩件事。