任務(wù)寫作中總結(jié)的寫作技巧

盡管部分任務(wù)寫作沒(méi)有明確要求考生寫總結(jié)，但一篇帶總結(jié)的文章使結(jié)構(gòu)更顯完整，在閱卷時(shí)能夠爭(zhēng)取更好的印象分。因此，筆者建議考生用簡(jiǎn)短的語(yǔ)言總結(jié)全文。以下是筆者根據(jù)近幾年的高考題和模擬題，談?wù)劯爬偨Y(jié)的寫作技巧。

方法一:重申觀點(diǎn)，概括寫作內(nèi)容。

考生必須理清文章層次，并運(yùn)用簡(jiǎn)潔的語(yǔ)言概括各項(xiàng)寫作內(nèi)容。此總結(jié)起到了畫龍點(diǎn)睛的作用，體現(xiàn)考生英語(yǔ)寫作以及語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用的高水平。如:

① In brief， college life is exciting and therefore I will work hard to achieve my ambition of entering my ideal university and get accustomed to the new environment. (2008年廣東高考)

② All in all， it is the love and education from school rather than suspensions that improve students’ behavior. (2009年廣州一模)

方法二:對(duì)文章提及的現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行呼吁或提出解決問(wèn)題的辦法。

該類寫作多為反映社會(huì)現(xiàn)象或某種行為的文章，考生可對(duì)此提出積極的呼吁，或提出建議或出解決辦法等。如:

①To sum up， it is suggested that students should spare no effort to get well prepared for college life . (2008年廣東高考)

②In conclusion， it is high time that visitors should stop taking photos with animals and pay more attention to how to take better care of them. (2009年廣東高考)

③To conclude， it makes sense for schools to deal with the misbehaving students in a sensible way. (2009年廣州一模)

④To summarize， emphasis should be placed on the problem of overparenting so that children can be provided with more chances to become independent. (2010年廣州一模)

方法三:強(qiáng)調(diào)重要性。

考生可提煉文中積極的思想意義，并對(duì)其重要性加以強(qiáng)調(diào)。當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)某事物或做法的重要性時(shí)，可使用 “(sth.) count / make a difference / is of great benefit (importance) to .../ is so important that...; It is essential/important to do sth.”等套句。如:

① To sum up， adjusting ourselves to a new environment is of great importance， which contributes to our skills and future career. (2008年廣東英語(yǔ)高考)

② To conclude， suspending students as a punishment is so important that students are able to realize their fault and correct their behavior. (2009年廣州一模)

③In conclusion， parents’ sensibly dealing with the problem of overparenting makes a difference， in which case their children will not be spoiled nor become much too dependent. (2010年廣州一模)

我們?cè)诳偨Y(jié)全文時(shí)最好使用表總結(jié)性的詞語(yǔ)，使文章結(jié)構(gòu)一目了然，也方便評(píng)卷老師找出文章層次。根據(jù)不同的文體，筆者把總結(jié)性詞語(yǔ)分為兩類:

1. 議論和夾敘夾議式總結(jié)常用到以下詞句:

to sum up， to conclude， to summarize， in brief， in conclusion， all in all

Finally， we can arrive at the conclusion that...

We can safely draw a conclusion that...

2. 書信式總結(jié)可以用以下句式結(jié)尾:

(1)表達(dá)“盼望收到回復(fù)或日后見(jiàn)面”。

I am looking forward to your reply/ letter.

I am looking forward to meeting you again.

(2)表達(dá)“感激，祝福”:

①I want to sincerely show my love and gratitude to you.

②I would like to express my gratitude and best wishes.

③Again a million thanks. Wish you all the best.

④Thank you for sparing time to read my resume and I am looking forward to your reply. (2007年廣東高考)

⑤My dear father， I can’t help expressing my gratitude to you. May you be healthy and happy. Please believe me，I will live up to your expectation.

⑥I am rather grateful to you， my dear father. Wish you happiness and good health. I promise I won’t let you down.

⑦M(jìn)y gratitude to you is beyond words. I promise that I will make every effort to satisfy your demand of being a brave man. As your birthday is coming， I wish you joy and health every day.

(3)根據(jù)信中內(nèi)容進(jìn)行總結(jié)、概括:

(2010年廣州調(diào)研測(cè)試。考題主要內(nèi)容:兒子周六不用上課，母親擔(dān)心兒子經(jīng)常玩電腦、浪費(fèi)學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間，給這位母親回信，談?wù)勀銓?duì)此現(xiàn)象的看法并給這位母親提建議)

①Best wishes to you and I am sure you can solve the problem.

②I am sure your son will behave better and wish you good luck and success.

③Good luck to you and I hope my advice can be helpful to you.

④Don’t be upset and I am sure that your son won’t let you down. Best wishes.

總結(jié)要簡(jiǎn)練，最好能用一個(gè)句子簡(jiǎn)練概括文章大意;同時(shí)，總結(jié)要充分，避免空喊口號(hào)，建議使用非限制性定語(yǔ)從句或狀語(yǔ)從句使觀點(diǎn)更充分。如，以下句中下劃線部分為適當(dāng)增加的內(nèi)容，能使句子顯得更有說(shuō)服力。

①In brief， adaptation to college life is of great benefit to us students， for it helps us develop our practical and communicative skills. (2008年廣東英語(yǔ)高考)

② To summarize， overparenting prevents children from developing in an all-round way， which should not be encouraged. (2010年廣州一模)

責(zé)任編校 蔣小青