新卡弗公寓，洛杉磯，美國(guó)

1 外景/Exterior view（攝影/Photo: Iwan Baan）

2 總平面/Site plan

3 夜景鳥(niǎo)瞰/Aerial view, at night（攝影/Photo: Iwan Baan）

貧民區(qū)住宅信托基金項(xiàng)目新卡弗公寓位于快速發(fā)展的洛杉磯城中心的南部，鄰近I-10號(hào)公路。該公寓有97個(gè)住宅單元，專為無(wú)家可歸的老人和殘疾人居住。該項(xiàng)目為洛杉磯公共住房的建設(shè)展現(xiàn)了一個(gè)樂(lè)觀的前景，同時(shí)也說(shuō)明了建筑如何幫助城市解決無(wú)家可歸者的問(wèn)題。

與周圍城市相連

該公寓是個(gè)6層高的圓形建筑物，地段南邊緊鄰圣莫尼卡公路。螺旋形的造型在建筑物的中央限定出一個(gè)私密的露天庭院，并給每個(gè)單元提供了自然光線和各個(gè)方向的景觀視野。立面強(qiáng)調(diào)了建筑、城市和公路的聯(lián)系，創(chuàng)造出一種微妙的光影效果，而行車的燈光使其更有活躍感。每當(dāng)汽車自東向西行駛，公寓慢慢地向司機(jī)和乘客展開(kāi)它鋸齒形的一面。

對(duì)居民需求的回應(yīng)

提供獨(dú)立的公寓房和社區(qū)服務(wù)是貧民區(qū)住宅信托基金創(chuàng)新住宅模型的關(guān)注點(diǎn)，包括在建筑中提供醫(yī)療服務(wù)、濫用藥物課程和案例管理。該公寓形成了一種社區(qū)感，是對(duì)無(wú)家可歸者最為長(zhǎng)期有效的幫助方式。建筑設(shè)計(jì)支撐著這一目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)。

在街道層，一系列線條穿過(guò)建筑物的柱基，形成了主要的交通軸線和穿過(guò)建筑的視線角度。地面層鄰近廚房、餐廳和其他公用區(qū)的是醫(yī)療和社區(qū)服務(wù)中心。這些空間為這里的住戶和城市都提供了一個(gè)聯(lián)系的網(wǎng)絡(luò)。大廳、辦公室、會(huì)議室和社區(qū)用房位于建筑的西邊，建立了樓外和樓內(nèi)的視覺(jué)聯(lián)系。

一個(gè)活躍的中央庭院

建筑的核心有一個(gè)露天中央庭院和寬大的樓梯。從中央庭院的北部可以欣賞到城市風(fēng)景，這里既給庭院提供了自然光和空氣流通空間，同時(shí)又保證了住戶的安全感。建筑頂層有一個(gè)小型露天陽(yáng)臺(tái)，從那里可以看到城市天際線的全景。

4 平臺(tái)/Terrace（攝影/Photo: Iwan Baan）

5 首層平面/Ground floor plan 1-入口/Entry 2-門廳/Lobby 3-社區(qū)廚房/Community Kitchen 4-社區(qū)花園/Community Garden 5-經(jīng)理辦公/Manager Office 6-會(huì)議室/Meeting Room 7-助理經(jīng)理辦公/Assistant Manager’s Office 8-經(jīng)理單元/Manager’s Unit 9-辦公/Office 10-復(fù)印室/Copy Room 11-電力用房/Electrical Room 12-電訊用房/Telecommunication Room 13-電梯機(jī)械用房/Elevator Machine Room 14-門房/Janitor Closet 15-回收房/Recycling Room 16-垃圾間/Trash Room 17-設(shè)備用房/Mechanical Room 18-停車/Parking

6 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)層平面/Typical floor plan 1-標(biāo)準(zhǔn)單元/Typical Unit 19-屋頂花園（二層）/Roof Garden (Level 2)

7 公共區(qū)域圖示/Public diagram

8 三層平面/Third floor plan 1-標(biāo)準(zhǔn)單元/Typical Unit 20-洗衣房/Laundry Room 21-社區(qū)用房/Community Room

每個(gè)單元包括一間臥室、衛(wèi)生間和廚房，沿中央庭院布局在建筑物柱基之上的5個(gè)樓層。在中央庭院邊的樓層都向外掛著鰭狀遮光物，為空間創(chuàng)造了光影的韻律，同時(shí)與建筑結(jié)構(gòu)和屋頂排水設(shè)施結(jié)合，為住戶從庭院穿過(guò)時(shí)創(chuàng)造了光和色彩的體驗(yàn)。□

Located just south of Los Angeles’ fast-growing downtown and immediately adjacent to the I-10 freeway, the Skid Row Housing Trust's New Carver Apartments provides 97 permanent supportive housing units for formerly homeless elderly and disabled residents. The project presents a new optimism about public housing in Los Angeles and demonstrates how architecture can be an armature for change in the face of the city's chronic homeless problem.

Connecting to The Surrounding City

The building's six-story circular form emerges from the path of the Santa Monica Freeway as it traces the site's southern edge. Its spiraling shape defines a private outdoor courtyard at the building's center which provides each unit with natural lighting and views in all directions. The facade underscores the relationship between the building, the city and the freeway, creating a subtle pattern of light and shadow further animated by the illumination of passing cars. As automobiles pass from east to west, the building's facade transforms itself as its sawtooth facets open to view.

Responding to The Needs of Residents

The Trust's innovative housing model focuses on providing individual studio apartments and social support services including primary healthcare,substance abuse programs, and case management within the same building. This strategy builds a sense of community and is the most effective longterm means of ending homelessness. The building's architecture physically supports this objective.

At the street level, a series of lines trace across the building's plinth, creating primary circulation axes and views through the building. Immediately adjacent to the shared kitchen, dining area, and other common spaces on the ground level are medical and social service spaces. Collectively these spaces form a network of connections not only to the individual units above but to the city beyond.Along the west edge of the block, the lobby, offices,conference rooms and community room create visual connections both into and out of the building.

9 庭院/Courtyard（攝影/Photo: Iwan Baan）

10 庭院展開(kāi)立面/Developed courtyard elevation

11 剖面/Section

A Dynamic Central Courtyard

At the building's core is broad stair and central courtyard open to the sky above. The concentric courtyard form breaks slights at the northern corner,allowing daylight, natural ventilation, and a visual connection to the city beyond while maintaining a sense of safety and security within. A smaller roof terrace on the building's uppermost level provides a panoramic view of the city skyline.

Individual studio apartments that include a bedroom, bath and kitchenette, are arrayed off the central courtyard on the five floors above the building's plinth. A series of fins trace across the circular edge of the central space as it rises through the building, creating a rhythm of light and shadow across the gathering spaces below. As these fins rise upward, they incorporate both building structure and drainage for the roof above, shade the units themselves, and produce a moiré of color and light as residents traverse the courtyard. □

12 庭院/Courtyard（攝影/Photo: Iwan Baan）

類型/Type: 97個(gè)單位的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)惠住宅公寓/97-Unit affordable housing apartment building

面積/Size: 4 924m2/53 000 sf

造價(jià)/Cost: ＄18.4 M

狀態(tài)/Status: 完成于2009年/Completed 2009