編者按:2011年江蘇省“舜湖杯·教海探航”征文頒獎大會暨“蘇派與京派、浙派名師”教學觀摩活動于2011年11月3日至6日在江蘇省吳江市盛澤實驗小學舉行。來自全省各地1000余名教師聚集在此,接受最濃墨重彩的教育教學理念的浸潤和洗禮。此次英語分會場我們選擇了Halloween這個西方節日話題,開展了同題異構的蘇、京、浙三派教學的交流和展示。來自江蘇、北京、浙江的六位小學英語名師給我們帶來了三節非常優秀的、精彩的、各具特色的英語課。本期專門約請三位授課教師結合課例,暢談自己的教學設計理念以及具體的教學環節的設計意圖,輯成文稿一組,以饗讀者。第二期、第三期將陸續推出數學、語文名師的課堂教學展示及評析,敬請關注。
到了小學高年級,我們要注意把學生的聽說能力遷移為讀寫能力,尤其是閱讀能力。但是,學生會為什么而讀?“Reading for fun!”也許會是孩子們的首選答案。怎樣才能讓學生的閱讀成為“悅讀”?我在2011年江蘇省“舜湖杯·教海探航”教學觀摩研討活動中執教了Halloween繪本閱讀課,做了一次有益的、成功的嘗試。
一、內容選擇的趣味性
這節Halloween閱讀課的選材很合學生的胃口:這篇閱讀材料來自國外的幼兒園繪本,原汁原味,語言地道,孩子們閱讀的樂趣首先來自“實戰演練”的成就感;這本連環畫容量大,角度新,彌補了孩子們關于Halloween的很多空白點;這篇閱讀材料,讓孩子們浸潤在濃濃的節日氣氛中,他們有體驗所以有樂趣……相比我們在一些閱讀課上看到的選材,例如呆板的語言、與教材雷同的情景、重復的信息,這節課的選材是成功的。
二、閱讀過程的趣味性
1.導——激發閱讀興趣,激活已有知識
T:Today let’s start our lesson with a guessing game.Read aloud.Guess what they are about...
And if we put these answers together,in October,wear masks and costumes,play with pumpkin Lanterns,what festival is it?——Halloween.
【設計意圖】教師以“頭腦風暴”式的游戲開場,激活學生思維,引入本課話題。
T:Now tell me,what do you know about Halloween?(老師在黑板上寫出相應的答案)
T:You know something about Halloween.But do you know about these?(板書:origin,symbol, custom)Today we’ll try to know more about Halloween from a book.
【設計意圖】教師通過交流,激活學生的背景知識,呈現本課的閱讀目標。
2.讀——整體入手,層層推進
(1)翻閱全書,找頁碼
T:Look at this book.Let’s take a look at the catalogue.Can you try to read?(PPT)
T:Good,so many things about Halloween.But which page are they on?I want you to discover.Please read the whole book together quickly and write the page number in the boxes on your book.
T:OK.Shall we check the page number?Around the world is on page....
【設計意圖】通過“給本書的目錄編寫頁碼”這一任務,引導學生瀏覽全書,了解大意。
(2)閱讀歸納,提煉新知
T:Now,let’s start reading,shall we?First let’s read——Around the world. In this part,you’re going to know how people around the world spend Halloween.Now read Page 2-3.Try to know more about Halloween from this part.
By the way,if you meet any new words,look it up in the word bank or you can ask me.Tell me what you know from the book.
T:Now we know...(結合板書小結)You see,we can always know something new from reading.
【設計意圖】世界各地的人們如何度過萬圣節?教師緊緊抓住學生的好奇心,激發學生閱讀的欲望;以What’s new?這一問題引導學生處理通過閱讀獲取的信息,并與已知信息進行對比,及時提煉新信息。
(3)建立圖式,獲取信息
T:OK.now let’s move on to the next part. It’s about the origin of Halloween.Pay attention to the following information:(板書)When?Where?Who?What?Why?
T:Now can you look for these information in the story and finish this?Read from page4-6 carefully,discuss in two,and finish your Work Sheet 1.
【設計意圖】“萬圣節的起源”是本課閱讀的一個難點,教師首先通過板書建立圖式引導學生閱讀,再通過填空練習進一步突破難點,使之真正成為學生自己的認知。
(4)歌謠賞讀,品味語言
T:So now we know the origin and customs now.What about this one,the symbol?What do you think is the symbol of Halloween?
T:Of course,Jack O’Lantern.Do you like Jack O’lanterns,boys and girls?Can you give me some words to describe them?
T:Here are some words.Can you read them?
T:Good!Let me put them into a rhyme.Read the rhyme in two.
T:Can you try to read it like this?(加節奏,范讀)
Please try to read it in pairs.(給節奏,自讀整首詩)
T:Let’s read together,OK?(加節奏,全班一起讀)
【設計意圖】這是一首朗朗上口的歌謠,在這一章節的閱讀中,教師注重學生的朗讀指導。先通過對南瓜燈描述的活動,激勵學生自主表達;再通過歌謠的欣賞、范讀、跟節奏自讀等有層次的活動,引導學生感受語言的韻律之美。
3.練——故事拓展,嘗試表達
(1)故事的“另類”講述,生動有趣
T:Well,the most exciting part for children is to play Trick or Treat!Now it’s time to read this Trick or treat.What is it?Let’s read it.Turn to page 8.Read in two.
T:OK.It’s a trick or treat story.Now let me check if you understand some of the new words.(反饋witch,ghost,crocodile,monster幾個新單詞的理解)
T:I guess you can understand the whole story.Now let’s try to read it out.(加節奏示范)
T:Can you try to say the story like this?Try it in your groups,I’ll give you some beat.(學生在節奏中練習)
T:Now let’s tell the story together,follow the beat,OK?
【設計意圖】教師緊扣學生的“Trick or treat”興趣點,在理解故事的基礎上,引導學生結合這一故事句尾押韻的特點,開展故事的另類閱讀——跟著節奏讀故事,讓學生沉浸在濃濃的英語氛圍之中。
(2)故事的拓展引申,綜合運用
T:Fantastic!Do you like this story?Now it’s time for you to make up your trick or treat story. But how?Look,this is a story,but it’s not completed,please give different answers. For example...Understand?Now take out your work sheet 2,use your imagination to make up your trick or treat story.
【設計意圖】通過閱讀,我們還應該促進學生的思維和表達。教師結合學生閱讀的“興奮點”,設置寫故事及故事交流環節,引導學生整合本節閱讀課獲取的信息,綜合運用語言進行思維和表達。
(作者單位:南京市玄武區教師進修學校,南京市北京東路小學)