王振斌,孫 平,王 林,姜美花,夏 蓉
(1.江蘇大學食品與生物工程學院,江蘇鎮江 212013;2.江蘇恒順醋業股份有限公司,江蘇鎮江 212013)
蜂巢醋液態發酵工藝及其抗氧化活性研究
王振斌1,孫 平1,王 林1,姜美花1,夏 蓉2
(1.江蘇大學食品與生物工程學院,江蘇鎮江 212013;2.江蘇恒順醋業股份有限公司,江蘇鎮江 212013)
研究首次將蜂巢引入食醋的液態發酵工藝,優化獲得了蜂巢醋液態發酵的最佳工藝條件:起始糖度5.33%,酵母活化液0.10%,酒精度5.0%,醋酸發酵溫度35℃。在此條件下制備的蜂巢醋由于發酵原料和菌種單一,在可溶性固形物、總糖、香氣、滋味等方面低于傳統固態發酵產品,而在色澤、體態和風味典型性等方面較優。此外,該蜂巢醋DPPH自由基清除能力(33.29%)和總抗氧化能力(2252.63mmol·g-1)均顯著低于固態發酵(66.25%,5092.63mmol·g-1)產品,這主要歸因于和固態發酵峰巢醋總黃酮和總多酚(0.71%,2.33%)相比,液態發酵蜂巢醋總黃酮和總多酚含量(0.38%,1.20%)較低。
蜂巢醋,發酵工藝,抗氧化
Abstract:Honeycomb was used as raw material in the liquid fermentation of vinegar for the first time in this paper.The fermentation process was optimized and the optimum conditions was obtained:5.33%of initial sugar degree,0.10%of yeast activated liquid,5.0%of alcohol degree,35℃ of acetate fermentation temperature.Under the conditions,compared to solid-state fermentation the honeycomb vinegar was lower in soluble solids,total sugar,aroma,taste,but was higher in color,posture,flavor typicality.These results could be attributed to the single materials and strain in liquid fermentation of honeycomb vinegar.Moreover,DPPH radical scavenging activity(33.29%) and total antioxidant capacity(2252.63mmol·g-1) of the honeycomb vinegar by liquid fermentation were significantly lower than that of solid-state fermentation(66.25%,5092.63mmol·g-1),due to the lower content of flavonoids and polyphenol(0.38%,1.20%) compared to solid-state fermentation(0.71%,2.33%).
Key words:honeycomb vinegar;fermentation technology;antioxidant activity
蜂巢(Honeycomb)是由蜜蜂的分泌物和采集物筑成的巢房,是蜂群生活、繁衍后代和貯存食物的場所,含有蜂蜜、蜂蠟、蜂花粉、蜂王漿、蜂膠、蜂毒、繭衣、幼蟲分泌物等多種物質,營養豐富[1-2]。現代醫學研究表明蜂巢具有抑菌、抗病毒、降血脂、抑制腫瘤、提高免疫等多種功效[3-7]。然而,目前蜂巢主要用于制備蜂蠟、蜂巢復合飲料和蜂巢素,研究利用較為落后。食醋是我國傳統的酸性調味品,不僅含有豐富的營養成分,而且具有獨特的藥理作用,其生產主要基于固態或液態發酵。傳統固態發酵生產周期長,勞動強度大;……