格拉斯瓊與地塞米松預防婦科手術后惡心嘔吐的臨床療效觀察

[摘要] 目的 探討應用格拉斯瓊與地塞米松預防婦科手術后惡心嘔吐的臨床療效。 方法 選取我院婦產科手術患者100例進行觀察，將其隨機分為預防治療組和對癥治療組，兩組各50例。觀察對比兩組患者術后惡心嘔吐緩解評分及PONV（postoperative nausea and vomitiing）發生率。 結果 兩組患者在術后24 h統計結果無明顯差異，差異無統計學意義（P>0.05）。但兩組患者惡心嘔吐發生情況在術后1 h、4 h及8 h的統計結果差異有統計學意義（P<0.05）。并且預防治療組患者的PONV發生率在2%，遠遠低于對癥治療組的26%。 結論 預防性應用格拉斯瓊與地塞米松能有效預防婦科手術后惡心嘔吐，并能有效減少患者術后PONV的發生率，增加患者術后舒適程度，值得推廣應用。

[關鍵詞] 格拉斯瓊；地塞米松；預防性應用；婦科手術；惡心嘔吐

[中圖分類號] R614 [文獻標識碼] B [文章編號] 2095-0616（2013）13-101-03

Clinical observation on the curative effect of Glass Joan and dexamethasone in prevention of nausea and vomiting after gynecologic surgery

SUN Kunling

Department of Anesthesiology， the Fourth People's Hospital of Haimen in Jiangsu Province， Haimen 226141， China

[Abstract] Objective To discuss the clinical curative effect of Glass Joan and dexamethasone in prevention of nausea and vomiting after gynecologic surgery. Methods 100 patients of Obstetrics and gynecology operation were Selected and randomly divided into preventive treatment group and treatment group. There were 50 cases in each group. The relief score of nausea and vomitting and incidence of PONV were observed and compared after the operation. Results The statistical result of 24h was no significant differences between two groups（P>0.05）.There were significant differences in 1h ，4h and 8h after the operation between two groups（P<0.05）.The incidence of PONV in preventive treatment group （2%） was far less than the treatment group （26%）. Conclusion Preventive application of Glass Joan and dexamethasone can effectively prevent nausea and vomiting after gynecologic operation， and can effectively reduce the incidence of PONV， improve the postoperative comfort. It is worthy of popularization and application.

[Key words] Granisetron hydrochloride for injection； Dexamethasone； Prophylactic； Gynecologic surgery； Nausea and vomiting

術后惡心嘔吐（postoperative nausea and vomitiing，PONV）是麻醉和手術后常見的并發癥之一。誘發的原因主要有：患者因素、麻醉因素、手術因素等。女性患者，有暈動病史，平時就容易嘔吐者，術后應用阿片類鎮痛藥及手術時間長等均為常見因素[1]。我院采用格拉斯瓊與地塞米松預防婦科手術后惡心嘔吐，取得了良好的效果，現報道如下。

1 資料與方法

1.1 一般資料

本次臨床療效觀察選擇我院2012年1月～2012年8月間住院患者100例，均為婦科及產科手術病例（手術形式為剖宮產、附件切除、子宮切除），其中子宮切除12例，附件囊腫附件切除8例和剖宮產80例。經醫院醫學倫理委員會批準，經患者知情并同意后，全部病例隨機分為預防治療組和對癥治療組兩組。……