摘 ?要:陸地訓練在花樣滑冰旋轉平衡穩定性和動作流暢延伸性的訓練中有著自己不可替代的功能和作用,加強各關節肌群肌力的協調能力是花樣滑冰冰、陸結合訓練的目的。陸地與冰上訓練相結合是培養花樣滑冰運動員基本運動素質與機能的必要方法、手段,是提高花樣滑冰運動員平衡能力的重要途徑,陸地訓練配合冰上練習可使運動員提高對正確身體姿勢的感覺、發力肌群的控制能力、掌握專項技術技巧,采用冰、陸結合的訓練方式適當地變換訓練的環境和訓練的內容,可以在心理上給運動員一個適當調節放松的空間,有利于消除精神疲勞和培養良好的意志品質。
關鍵詞:花樣滑冰;平衡能力;冰、陸結合;陸地訓練
中圖分類號:G862.2 ? ? ? ? ? ?文獻標識碼:A ? ? ? ? ? ?文章編號:1002–3488(2014)01–0022–04
Study on Combination of on and off Ice Training of Figure Skaters
ZHAO Jin-ping
(Department of Figure Skating of Winter Olympics School of Harbin Institute of Physical Education, Harbin 150001, China)
Abstract: Dry season training can not be replaced in the figure skating training of rotation balance stability and extensibility of smooth movements, strengthening coordinate ability of every joints muscle groups and muscle strength is the purpose of combination of on and off ice training of figure skating. Combination of on and off ice training is the necessary method and mean of training figure skaters basic physical quality and function, the important way to improve the balance ability of skaters, dry season training with ice training can improve the right feeling of body postures, controlling ability of rising muscle groups, mastering special skills, with combination of on and off ice training appropriately change training environment and training contents, could give skaters a space for physical relax, it is good for the elimination of mental fatigue and training good will quality.
Key words: figure skating; balance ability; combination of on and off ice; dry season training
收稿日期:2013-11-16;修回日期:2013-11-22
基金項目:國家科技支撐計劃課題(2009BAK57B05)。
作者簡介:趙金平(1963-),女,黑龍江齊齊哈爾人,教授,研究方向為花樣滑冰運動訓練。
1 ? ?引言
花樣滑冰是技術和藝術相結合的體育運動項目[1],運動成績的提高要立足在技術水平與節目內容兩個方面[2-4]。通過對國內、外花樣滑冰現狀調查分析以及前瞻國際花樣滑冰發展趨勢,我們已經清楚地認識到花樣滑冰技術水平分與節目內容分競爭的核心內容分別是 “跳躍動作的穩定性”與 “滑行技術的純熟性”,也就是旋轉平衡的穩定性和動作流暢的延伸性[5-6],而這兩點正是花樣滑冰旋轉平衡能力冰、陸結合訓練方法研究工作緊緊圍繞的核心問題。……