史孟玉 姜淼淼
摘 ?要:針對我國冰壺運動發(fā)展的優(yōu)勢和存在的問題,抓住冰壺運動獨具的項目特征,分析冰壺運動員致勝心理因素,加快提升我國冰壺運動整體競技能力,力爭在索契冬奧會上取得佳績,是我國冰壺運動教練員、運動員亟待解決的重要課題。良好的心理狀態(tài)是冰壺運動員最佳競技狀態(tài)形成的重要因素。從團隊精神、動機、心理準備、自信心、注意力和焦慮控制等方面探究冰壺運動員致勝心理因素,旨在尋求提高冰壺運動訓(xùn)練水平、提升冰壺運動員整體競技能力和冰壺運動員在比賽中取得優(yōu)異成績的突破口。
關(guān)鍵詞:冰壺運動員;致勝心理因素;團隊精神;動機;心理準備;自信心;注意力;焦慮控制
中圖分類號:G862.6 ? ? ? ? ? ?文獻標識碼:A ? ? ? ? ? ?文章編號:1002-3488(2014) 01-0045-04
Analysis on Winning Psychological Factors of Curling Athletes
SHI Meng-yu1, JIANG Miao-miao2
(1.Harbin Winter Sports Training Center, Harbin 150020, China;2.Physical Educational School of Harbin University of Commerce,Harbin 150028, China)
Abstract: Aiming at the advantages and problems of Chinese curling development,stressing the unique characteristics of curling,analyzing the winning psychological factors of curling athletes, improving the overall competitive ability of Chinese curling and striving for good performance in Olympics in Sochi is the important task which should be solved quickly by Chinese curling coaches and athletes. A good mental state is the important factor of curling athletes being at their best competitive form. Analyze the winning psychological factors of curling athletes from team spirit, motivation,psychological preparation, self-confidence,attention and anxious control,in order to seek a breach which improves training level of curling,improve the overall competitive ability of curling athletes and get good performance in competitions.
Key words: curling athletes;winning psychological factors;team spirit; motivation;psychological preparation;self-confidence;attention;anxious control
收稿日期:2014-01-06;修回日期:2014-01-15
第一作者簡介:史孟玉(1981-),女,山東掖縣人,中級教練員,研究方向為冰壺運動理論與訓(xùn)練。
1 ? ?引言
高水平國際冰壺運動比賽場上,冰壺運動員的技術(shù)都很精準,這時冰壺運動員的心理狀況如何,可能徹底改變比賽結(jié)果。在技戰(zhàn)術(shù)相當?shù)那闆r下,最終決定勝負的是心理因素[1]。競賽的級別越高,心理因素對運動成績的影響也就越大。心理因素的相對重要性會隨著比賽的臨近而提高。影響因素主要來自運動員自己心理的把控。運動員心理素質(zhì)對冰壺比賽結(jié)果的影響很大,良好的心理調(diào)控能力是冰壺運動員獲勝必備的要素。高水平冰壺運動員的訓(xùn)練,心理素質(zhì)訓(xùn)練應(yīng)該放在首位,然后才分別是智力訓(xùn)練、技術(shù)訓(xùn)練和體能訓(xùn)練[2]。……