摘要:目的 了解徐州地區早產兒視網膜病變(ROP)的患病情況并分析相關因素。
關鍵詞:早產兒;視網膜病變;篩查
Analysis of Screening Results of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Preterm Infants in Xuzhou
ZHANG Zheng-pei, MIAO Pei-jian, LI Su-yan, JI Su-juan, LIU Hai-yang
( Eye Institute of Xuzhou, First People's Hospital of Xuzhou City, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China)
Abstract:Objective To study the prevalence of retinopathy prematurity(ROP)in preterm infants in Xuzhou and analysis the risk factors for ROP. Methods A analysis was conducted on 260(520 eyes) premature infants from June 2011 to June 2013. Results In all the infants examined, 21 eyes of 13 cases (5.0%) developed ROP. ROP I included ten eyes of seven cases, ROP II included seven eyes of four cases, ROP III included four eyes of two cases, was not found developed ROP IV or V of preterm infants. Seven cases of ROP I and four cases of ROP II periodic review found that faded ROP. ROP with stage III disease through close observation that has reached the threshold of ROP, intravitreal injection of Bevacizumab combined to photocoagulation therapy, postoperative good results. Conclusion Prematurity, low birth weight and the relative hypoxia are risk factors for the occurrence of ROP.
Key words:Retinopathy of prematurity; retinopathy; screening
早產兒視網膜病變( retinopathy of prematurity,ROP)是發生于早產兒和低體重兒中的視網膜血管增生性病變,以往曾稱為Terry綜合征或晶狀體后纖維增生癥 [1],多與出生后吸氧有關。在發達國家,ROP 是兒童失明的首位原因[2]。隨著我國醫療技術水平的不斷提高,圍產醫學得到了較大的發展,各種生命支持系統得以改進,使早產兒存活率不斷提高,ROP 發生率也隨之上升,由此造成的盲童數量逐漸增多。早產兒視網膜病變的防治工作已在全國各地陸續開展并取得了一定的成效[3]。我們對2011年6月~2013年6月在我院進行視網膜病變篩查和治療的早產兒進行匯總分析,以了解徐州地區ROP的發病情況、高危因素、為ROP的篩查、防治提供更多參考依據。
1資料與方法
1.1一般資料
1.2篩查標準 我們根據中華醫學會制定的早產兒視網膜病變防治指南和國內多個中心的篩查結果[2] ,結合本地具體實際問題來研究建制篩查有關標準和臨床處理原則:① 出生時的身體重量≤2000g 或矯正胎齡≤34w的早產兒和低體重兒并且按兒科醫生的規定超過以上指標,但是要對全身患有嚴重疾病的早產兒全部并入篩查之列;② 第一次檢查時間應該定為出生后的4~6w或矯正胎齡≥36w;③隨機查訪間隔時間:應該是定于小于閾值前期病變,相隔2~3隨機查訪 1次;閾值前期病變,以及視網膜血管化局限在I區患兒就要規定每1w隨機查訪1 次(即病變將進入需要治療的階段,應密切隨診),最終隨診達到周邊視網膜血管化或病變退化。……