徐申葉
作者信息:215021,江蘇蘇州,江蘇省蘇州工業園區星海實驗中學
xu6282@sine.cn
牛津教材中的project板塊是為了引導學生進行探究性學習,把英語聽、說、讀、寫的訓練從課堂內拓展到課堂外;要求學生能夠用英語創造性地完成學習任務,培養學生綜合運用語言的能力。本單元的主題是:Recitingapoem,要求學生先學習了解蘇格蘭最著名的詩人羅伯特·彭斯的生平以及他的詩歌流派特色,然后再學習欣賞他的一首經典詩歌《一朵紅紅的玫瑰花》,幫助學生有感情地朗誦詩歌并掌握欣賞英文詩歌的技巧。在此基礎上,為了讓學生學以致用,幫助學生拓展視野,可再讓學生欣賞一首英文小詩。
By the end of the period,students will be able to:
a.get a brief idea of Robert Burns basic life experience and his writing style.
b.know some basic information on poetry and learn to enjoy his famous poem and apply the basic knowledge of poetry to another modern poem.
Step 1:Lead in
Let students enjoy a romantic English song with the lines from the poem:A Red,Red Rose,to lead to the topic of Scotland.Ask students to view part of a speech video made by the Prime Minister of the UK to arouse students interests in Scotland and the most important person in the UK so as to lead to the topic of the period:Robert Burns.
【Explanation】此設計的目的有兩個:一是以英文歌曲和英國首相的演講視頻導入,作為學生聽說的熱身訓練,以激發學生的課堂興趣;二是主要突出本節課的主角Robert Burns,他被稱為最重要的蘇格蘭人。
Step 2:Major classroom arrangements
Section A:Understanding the passage by asking students to:
A.Skim the passage and divide the passage into 3 parts.
【Explanation】此閱讀活動的目的是要求學生初讀文章,通過所給出的段落大意來確定文章的結構,劃分好文章的段落,從整體上把握文章的寫作脈絡。
B.Complete the profile on Robert Burns and retell his life experience and make a summary.
【Explanation】此閱讀活動的目的是要求學生應用尋讀(scanning)的閱讀技巧,根據框架結構,找出關于詩人生平的主要信息:生卒年份、性格、家庭狀況、寫作流派等。同時,在此基礎上運用自己的語言總結概括詩人的一生,如:In aword,RobertBurns was born in poverty,succeeded overnight,died young but lives in people’s heart forever.以此來訓練和提高學生的語言模仿能力及運用能力。
C.Answer two reading questions.
1.Which events show Scottish people adore Robert Burns very much?
2.What are the reasons for their deep love?
【Explanation】第一個問題的目的是幫助學生訓練綜合文本信息的能力,通過文本中幾處閱讀信息來說明蘇格蘭人民崇拜他們的民族詩人;第二個問題的目的是訓練學生的推理猜測能力,學生應該有能力從詩人的優美詩歌和謙虛的品格中找到原因。
Section B:Appreciating the poem by asking students to:
1.read the third part and work out the meaning of underlined parts.
2.read the poem and find out the meaning of the poem and answer two more understanding questions.
3.analyze the rhetoric in the poem.
4.listen and learn to recite the poem.
【Explanation】活動1的目的是幫助學生掃除文字障礙,因為19世紀蘇格蘭英語中某些英文的書寫形式與現代英語略有不同,如:luve(love),melodie(melody),thou(you)等。活動 2 的目的是幫助學生進一步理解詩歌的內容,得出三個結論:(1)His love is very pretty and has sweet voice.(2)He is deep in love with her and will love her forever.(3)He promises to come back to her even if it were ten thousand miles.活動3的目的是和學生分析英文詩歌常見的寫作手法,即:比喻,如My love is like a red,red rose;押韻,如 June 和 tune,I和dry;重復,如Till all the seas gang dry,Till all the seas gang dry,my dear.活動4的主要目的是培養學生帶著詩人深深的情意,充滿感情地模仿朗誦全詩,在此過程中更好地體會理解詩人的情感。
Section C:Extending the horizon by appreciating another poem by asking students to discuss the answers to the following 4 questions:
1.What can be severed as a title?
2.What is the main idea?
3.What are the poet’s feelings in it?
4.What kinds of rhetoric are used?
【Explanation】此教學環節的目的是幫助學生拓展視野,通過賞析一首現代英文小詩,創造語境,讓學生學以致用(從掌握文本到掌握寫作修辭手法),從而提高學生的英語語言欣賞和運用。
Step 3:Homework
1.Recite the poem.
2.Write a similar passage:____and his/her poetry.
【Explanation】作業1的目的是讓學生通過朗誦和背誦詩歌,進一步理解和欣賞經典英文詩歌。作業2的目的是落實本節課的重要環節:把讀和寫的訓練從課堂拓展到課外;通過學習Project,再創造性地進行相似寫作,學生可以寫他們自己所崇敬、喜愛的任何古今中外的詩人,并介紹一首他們最愛的小詩。
因為project文章介于精讀和泛讀之間,所以本設計的主要教學目標為:一是幫助學生正確理解文章,主要的訓練形式是在把握整體篇章結構的基礎上,找出重要的細節,并進行適當的歸納推理。二是初步學習英文詩歌的特點、寫作方法,培養學生對英文詩歌的初步賞析能力。這節閱讀課教學已初步達到了這兩個目標,但對于文章的語言點處理還不夠到位,同時閱讀訓練的形式較單調,學生在學習環節的轉換中不是非常流暢,課堂氣氛還需改善。