A Study of Dong Bei Dialect From the Perspective of Phonetics and Vocabulary

佳佳

Abstract：Due to distinct geographical locations and conventional cultures， there exits numerous differences in pronunciation， vocabulary between Dong Bei Dialect and Mandarin. This thesis helps people have a better understanding of Dong Bei dialect.

Keywords： Dong Bei dialect， pronunciation， vocabulary

【中圖分類號】H319.3；H172.1

Pronunciation and vocabulary are two distinctive features in Dong Bei dialect. The pronunciation of Dong Bei dialect mostly lies in the front part of oral cavity. It is difficult for the speakers to pronounce the vowels that needs a relatively big opening of mouth. For examples， [ai] is usually pronounced as [e]. For instance， bai [bai] is pronounced as [be] in bai cai（白菜）； Vowels like a， e are added to consonants like ? or n to function as initials. For examples，ai [ai] is often pronounced as nai [nai] in 挨打；e[?] is often pronounced as ne [n?] in 惡心。As for tune， the first tone of mandarin is pronounced as the second， third， fourth tone in Dong Bei dialect， while the second tone is pronounced as the first， third and fourth one. For example菌（jūn） in 細菌（xì jūn） is pronounced as jǔn； 媳（xí） in 媳婦（xí fù） is pronounced as xǐ.

Derivation may be exactly defined as a process of forming new words by the addition of a word element， such as a prefix， suffix or combining form， to an already existing word. Dong Bei dialect has abundant prefixes that are rich in colloquial and emotional color. The typical prefixes are “ Xi（稀）， jing（精）” and so on. Xi（稀） in Dong Bei dialect means “too， special”. The collocations of the prefix are used to express the property and state of things. For example， 稀爛的（too bad）； Jing（精） in Dong Bei dialect are often collocated with adjective monosyllable like thin， slight， which is used as the meaning of small. For example， 精細精細的（an object that are both light and thin ）.

The study of Dong Bei dialect in pronunciation and vocabulary has practical significance. It is for the purpose of understanding the phonetic feature of Dong Bei dialect and probe into more studies in detail.

參考文獻：

[1] 馬思周，東北方言詞典，長春：吉林文史出版社，2005。

[2] 王力，中國語言學史，上海：復旦大學出版社，2006。