楊淞++張超++楊輝++王姣龍++何丹++周迎



摘要 采用LI-8100開路式土壤C通量測定系統,對湖南省森林植物園10~20年樟樹人工林土壤呼吸速率進行了為期1年的觀測。結果表明:土壤呼吸CO2排放速率最大值在7月、8月,最小值出現在2月和3月,表現出單峰曲線的月動態變化趨勢。對照、去除凋落物及去根3種處理的土壤呼吸速率范圍分別為0.39~9.34、0.29~5.77、0.43~6.22 μmol/m2·s,年均土壤呼吸速率分別為3.351、2.145和2.154 μmol/m2·s。采用雙因素關系模型(Rs=aebtWc),結果優于僅考慮土壤溫度或土壤濕度的單因素關系模型;土壤溫度和濕度共同解釋了2010年不同處理方式土壤呼吸速率季節變化的95.2%~97.6%。對照、去根及去除凋落物處理的土壤呼吸Q10值分別為1.998、1.744、1.815,證明了根及凋落物對森林土壤呼吸起著一定的影響作用。
關鍵詞 樟樹;凋落物;根;土壤呼吸;Q10值
中圖分類號 S714.2 文獻標識碼 A 文章編號 1007-5739(2015)12-0159-03
Impact of Root and Litterfall on Soil Respiration in Cinnamomum camphora Plantation
YANG Song ZHANG Chao YANG Hui WANG Jiao-long HE Dan ZHOU Ying
(College of Life Science and Technology,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha Hunan 410004)
Abstract Using the measurement system of Li-8100 soil CO2 efflux system,We observed the rate of soil respiration of the Cinnamomum camphora forest plantation which had been 10 to 20 years in Forestry Park of Changsha,Hunan.The results showed that the dynamic of the mean soil respiration rates per month displayed the single peak curve basically. The maximum value appeared between July and August,and the minimum value appeared between February and March . Soil respiration rate ranges of the control plots,root exclusion and litter exclusion were 0.39~9.34,0.29~5.77 and 0.43~6.22 μmol/m2·s,respectively,The annual mean soil respiration rates were 3.351,2.145 and 2.154 μmol/m2·s,respectively. The model Rs=aebtWc,neither soil temperature nor soil water content could explain the seasonal variation of soil respiration well.Soil temperature and soil water content together could explain 95.2%~97.6% of seasonal variation in soil respiration rates.The Q10 values of the soil respiration in the control plots,root exclusion and litter exclusion were respectively 1.998,1.744 and 1.815.The results indicated that root and litterfall were important factors in affecting soil CO2 efflux in forests.
Key words Cinnamomum camphora plantation;litterfall;root;soil respiration;Q10
嚴格意義上的土壤呼吸是指未擾動土壤中生物與非生物通過任何形式的活動產生CO2的全部過程[1]。土壤是陸地生態系統最大的碳庫,其碳貯量達1 500 Pg(1 Pg=1 015 g),分別是大氣層和陸地植被碳貯量的2倍和3倍[2]。了解陸地生態系統C循環過程是揭示C素對全球變化響應機制的關鍵。通過土壤呼吸向大氣中釋放CO2是陸地生態系統碳循環的一個最重要的環節,也是導致全球氣候變化的關鍵因素,因此是今后全球碳循環研究的熱點。
土壤呼吸主要包括3個生物學過程(土壤微生物呼吸、土壤動物呼吸和植物根呼吸)和1個非生物學過程(含碳礦物質的氧化)。其中,林木根呼吸的比例占森林土壤總呼吸的10%~90%[3]。……