教忠意,楊 湘,何開躍
(1. 江蘇省林業科學研究院,江蘇 南京 211153;2. 南京林業大學森林資源與環境學院,江蘇 南京 210037)
高苦楝素含量苦楝優良單株初步選擇
教忠意1,楊湘2,何開躍2*
(1. 江蘇省林業科學研究院,江蘇南京211153;2. 南京林業大學森林資源與環境學院,江蘇南京210037)
摘要:用超聲波萃取法提取供試苦楝根皮、莖皮、果實、果梗、葉片和葉柄內的苦楝素,用高效液相色譜法測定苦楝素含量,并采用多重比較和聚類分析等方法進行苦楝高苦楝素含量優良單株初選。結果表明:6個部位中苦楝素含量高低為根皮>莖皮>果實>果梗>葉片>葉柄。初選出適合矮林作業的單株4株,適合果林經營的備選單株6株。
關鍵詞:苦楝;苦楝素;優良單株;高效液相色譜
文章編號:1001-7380(2015)05-0010-04
收稿日期:2015-08-10;修回日期:2015-8-30
基金項目:江蘇省科技支撐計劃項目“速生耐鹽楝樹優良品種選育”(BE2012347);江蘇省林業三新工程項目“耐鹽速生楝樹新無性系區域試驗及栽培技術研究”(LYSX[2014]20)
作者簡介:教忠意(1978-),男,遼寧鳳城人,副研究員,碩士,主要從事林木遺傳育種、園林植物應用和景觀生態研究。
通信作者:*何開躍(1959-),女,四川重慶人,教授,博士,主要從事植物生理生化研究。
中圖分類號:S792.33
文獻標識碼:A
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7380.2015.05.003
Selection of superior individuals ofMeliaazedarachL.
for high toosendanin content
JIAO Zhong-yi1,YANG Xiang2,HE Kai-yue2*
(1.Jiangsu Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 211153,China;
2.College of Forest Resources and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037,China)
Abstract:In order to broaden the application of Melia azedarach and guide the related productive practice, fine individuals for high content of toosendanin were selected. The toosendanin was extracted from their velamen, bark, fruit, fruit stalks, leaves and petioles by ultrasonic method. The content of toosendanin was measured by HPLC. Then, fine individuals were primarily selected by multiple comparison and cluster analysis. The result showed that the content of toosendanin was the highest in the velamen and bark, followed by fruit, fruit stalks, leaves and petioles. Four individuals with coppicing and 6 individuals with fruit forest management were primarily determined.
Key words:Melia azedarach L.; Toosendanin; Superior individual;HPLC
苦楝(MeliaazedarachL.)為楝科楝屬落葉喬木,其內含物具有殺蟲、抑菌活性,至今已被開發應用于醫藥、生物農藥、化妝品和洗滌用品等生產[1]。苦楝素作為四環三萜類化合物,是苦楝內含物中主要的殺蟲活性成分,具有廣譜、低毒、低殘留等優點[2-5]。目前,國內苦楝內含物研究多集中于分析、測定和應用,苦楝素含量高的良種選育方面報道不多。陳涵等[6……