完形填空淺析

韓麗

《普通高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（實驗）》中明確提出“高中階段要著重提高學(xué)生用英語獲取信息和處理信息，分析問題和解決問題的能力”，這就要求學(xué)生要不斷地提高相應(yīng)的各項能力。同時，新課標(biāo)還要求我們要注重學(xué)生的思想情感教育。而完形填空主要就考查了學(xué)生的綜合語言分析與運用能力。下面，筆者就以英語周報上的一篇完形填空為例，簡要分析一下完形填空的一些解題技巧。

The carpenter I hired to help me restore an old farmhouse had just finished a diffcult first day on the job. A flat tire made him 21_ an hour of work， his electric saw quit， and now his pickup truck 22_ to start. He sat in silence while I drove him home.

On arriving， he invited me in to 23_ his family. As we walked toward the front door， he paused briefly at a 24_， touching tips of the branches with both hands. When opening the door， he 25_ amazingly. His face was wreathed in smiles， and he hugged his two children. Afterward he 26_ me back to the car. We passed the tree， and my 27_ got the better of me， so I asked him about what I had seen him do 28_.

“Oh， thats my trouble tree，” he replied. “I know I cant 29_ troubles on my job， but one thing is 30_ troubles dont belong in the house with my wife and the children. So I just 31_ the troubles on the tree every night when I come home. Then in the 32_ I pick them up again.”

He smiled and continued，“33_ thing is， when I come out in the morning to pick them up， there arent 34_ as many as I remember hanging up the night before.”

I dont know who first told this story， 35_ he or she must have been a very wise person. Putting boundaries around our problems is a really good idea： it 36_ our difficulties from spilling over onto other people， especially 37_ ones， who cant do anything about our problems. Why burden them if they cant 38_ us？

So， plant yourself a trouble tree outside your front door and 39_ it whenever you come home.

And when you pick up your troubles on the way out each morning， be 40_ that theyre not as heavy as they were the night before.

21.A. finish B.lose C.improve D.get

22.A . needed B.happened C. managed D. refused

23.A. meet B. comfort C. educate D.interview

24.A. stone B. car C. tree D. house

25.A. cried B.escaped C. recovered D.changed

26.A. soppoted B. walked C. sent D.called

27.A. curiosity B. worry C.admiration D.apology

28.A. later B. earlier C.instead D. next

29.A. expect B.accept C.avoid D. bear

30.A. in common B. for sure C. for free D. in danger

31.A. look up B. give up C.pack up D. hang up

32.A. morning B. afternoon C.darkness D.weekness

33.A. Simple B.Funny C. Boring D.Convenient

34.A. entirely B.largely C. mostly D.nearly

35.A. so B. and C.but D.because

36.A. protects B. prevents C.differs D. seperates

37.A. old B. small C.loved D.hopeless

38.A. satisfy B.help C.control D. understand

39.A. water B. remember C.enjoy D.use

40.A. grateful B. careful C. painful D.forgetful

首先，快速瀏覽全文，掌握文章的大意，同時重點掌握文章中的who， where ，when， what幾大要素，為之后的解題創(chuàng)造良好的條件。以此篇文章為例，它講述了“栽棵煩惱樹，讓它去承載自己的煩惱，而不要把壞情緒帶給家人。”

其次，仔細(xì)閱讀文章，根據(jù)故事情節(jié)的發(fā)展來選詞。

1.從簡單句就可以選出答案，這是設(shè)計最簡單的一類題。如：

39.D.栽上棵煩惱樹，回家時（如果有煩惱）利用（use）它（承載你的煩惱）。

40.A.煩惱變得不那么重，所以應(yīng)該感激（grateful）。

2.通過前后對應(yīng)的方法進(jìn)行選擇。在一篇完形填空當(dāng)中，經(jīng)常是就一句而言，很難選出正確答案，但如果你繼續(xù)讀下去，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)與此問題有關(guān)的信息的出現(xiàn)，這些信息往往會直接或間接地給我們提示，從而作出正確選擇。如：

24.C.由后面的branches以及下一段中的my trouble tree提示可知。

31.D.下一段中的I remember hanging up the nignt before.為信息提示。

32.A.與前一句中的every night 呼應(yīng)，以及最后一段中的each morning也可以提示。

3.根據(jù)句子之間的關(guān)系。如遞進(jìn)、讓步、轉(zhuǎn)折、并列、條件、因果關(guān)系等。如：

35.C.由句意可知前后兩句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。

在做題時還要注意時間的安排，一篇完形填空一般在10鐘左右完成，否則就會造成閱讀理解或作文來不及做。這就需要我們在平時的練習(xí)中，掌握技巧的同時要有計劃、按步驟，由簡到難地進(jìn)行有針對性的專項訓(xùn)練。只要我們堅持不懈，相信我們的完形填空的解題能力一定會得到提高。

編輯 董慧紅