
[摘要] 目的 旨在了解青少年抑郁癥患者家庭環境及其與人際壓力應對策略的關系,為改善青少年抑郁癥患者的家庭環境,提高其人際壓力應對能力提供理論依據。方法 方便選取于該院2015年3—10月門診及住院的青少年(12~18歲)抑郁癥患者76例,采用家庭環境量表中文版(FES-CV)與中學生人際壓力應對問卷(ISCQ)分別來調查青少年抑郁癥患者的家庭環境因子及人際壓力應對策略。 結果 ①青少年抑郁癥患者在家庭親密度(X=5.2±2.7)、情感表達(X=3.8±1.9)、獨立性(X=4.9±1.7)、成功性(X=6.0±2.2)、娛樂性(X=2.8±2.2)、組織性(X=5.4±1.9)這幾個因子得分均顯著低于國內常模,而家庭矛盾性(X=2.8±2.2)得分要顯著高于國內常模,差異具有統計學意義(P<0.05)。②親密度(r=0.54)、情感表達(r=0.57)、獨立性(r=0.44)、娛樂性(r=0.27)與積極應對呈顯著正相關,而矛盾性與積極應對之間呈顯著負相關(r=-0.42);親密度(r=-0.19)、情感表達(r=-0.25)、獨立性(r=-0.53)與消極應對之間存在顯著負相關,而矛盾性(r=0.36)與消極應對之間存在顯著正相關。③家庭親密度、情感表達、矛盾性、獨立性對積極應對與消極應對均有顯著的預測作用。結論 青少年抑郁癥患者家庭環境存在明顯缺陷,家庭功能的缺陷不利于其采用積極應對方式來面對人際壓力。
[關鍵詞] 青少年抑郁癥;家庭環境;消極應對;積極應對
[中圖分類號] B844.2 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1674-0742(2016)11(a)-0094-04
[Abstract] Objective To study the relationship between family enviroment and interpersonal stress coping strategies in adolescents with sepression and to provide theoretical basis for improving family enviroment and interpersonal stress coping ability of adolescents with depression. Mehtods Convenient selection 76 cases of adolescents with depression in our hospital form March 2015 to October 2015 were selected. Fes-CV and ISCQ were used to investigate the family environment factors and interpersonal stress coping strategies in adolescents with depression. Results ① Compared with the national norm, the scores of factors of family cohesion(X=5.2±2.7), emotional expression (X=3.8±1.9),independence(X=4.9±1.7), achievement(X=6.0±2.2), entertainment (X=2.8±2.2) and sense of organization(X=5.4±1.9)of adolescent depressive family where obviously lower, while the scores of factors of conflict(X=2.8±2.2)was higher in adolescents with depression, there was significant difference(P<0.05).②Family intimacy(r=0.54),emotional expression(r=0.57),independence(r=0.44), entertainment(r=0.27)and positive coping was positively correlated, whlie the contradiction andpositive coping was negatively correlated(r=-0.42).There was a significant negative correlation between family intimacy(r=-0.19),emotional expression(r=-0.25),independence(r=-0.53) and negative coping, and there was a significant positive correlation between the contradiction(r=0.36) and negative coping. ③Family cohesion, enotional expression, conflict, independence had significant predictive effects on posotive coping and negative coping. Conclusion The family function of the adolescents with depression has obvious defects and the defect of family function is not conducive to the positive coping style.
[Key words] Adolescents with depression; Family; Negative coping strategies; Positive coping strategies
青少年是一個從幼稚走向成熟的過渡期,是一個生理和心理都在發生巨大變化,面臨多重危機的時期,例如親子關系、同伴關系、學業競爭等等都會給他們造成無法承受的壓力,影響心理健康。我國兒童青少年中約有37%伴有不同程度的心理問題,并有研究顯示,成年抑郁癥患者中有75%首次抑郁發生于青少年時期[1]。……