基底神經節區腦血管病變致記憶障礙的特點分析

[摘要] 目的 分析左右兩則基底神經節區腦血管病變致記憶障礙的特點。 方法 方便選取江蘇省人民醫院神經內科在2013年5月—2016年5月收治的基底神經節區腦血管病變患者80例進行回顧性分析，其中左側神經節區腦血管病變患者為實驗組，右側神經節區腦血管病變患者為對照組，每組40例，采用修訂的韋氏成人記憶量表檢查兩組患者的記憶功能，并記錄兩組患者的各項得分，然后統計分析患者的記憶商數，以確定基底神經節區腦血管病變致記憶障礙的類型。結果 在語文記憶方面，實驗組患者聯想學習、理解記憶、觸覺回憶等各量表評分低于對照組患者，差異具有統計學意義（P<0.05）；在非語文方面，實驗組患者再認、再生等各量表評分高于對照組患者，差異具有統計學意義（P<0.05），兩組患者記圖量表評分差異無統計學意義（P>0.05）。 結論 患者的左側基底神經節區腦血管病變會嚴重影響到患者的語文記憶功能，這說明在記憶方面人們的左側基底神經節區存在明顯的偏側化優勢；患者的右側基底神經節區腦血管病變會嚴重損害到患者的圖形、視覺空間記憶，這說明在視覺空間功能方面人們的右側基底神經節區與右側大腦半球一樣具有明顯的優勢。

[關鍵詞] 基底神經節區；腦血管病變；記憶障礙

[中圖分類號] R5 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1674-0742（2016）11（a）-0024-04

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the characteristics about two basal ganglia cerebral vascular disease caused by memory impairment. Methods Convenient selection Department of Neurology， Jiangsu Province People's Hospital 2013 to 2016 years 5 months from the basal ganglia brain vascular lesions in 80 patients were retrospectively analyzed in our hospital were selected， which left stellate ganglion region cerebral vascular disease patients as the experimental group， right ganglia cerebrovascular disease patients as the control group， each with 40 cases in each by Wechsler Adult Memory table memory function in two groups of patients are examined， and record the score of two groups of patients， and statistical analysis of patients with memory quotient， to determine the type of memory impairment caused by basal ganglia cerebral vascular disease. Results In verbal memory， the patients of associative learning and understanding of memory， tactile memories each scale score lower than the patients in the control group， the difference has statistical significance （P < 0.05）； in non Chinese， patients in the experimental group recognition， regeneration of the scale scores higher than in the control group， the difference is statistically（P < 0.05）， the two groups of patients with mind map scale score was not statistically significant（P > 0.05）. Conclusion Patients with left basal ganglion region cerebral vascular disease will seriously affect the patient's verbal memory function， which shows that in memory of people of the left basal ganglia exist obvious lateralization advantage； in patients with right basal ganglion region cerebral vascular disease will seriously harm to patients with graphics， visual spatial memory， suggesting that in visual spatial function of people's right basal ganglia and the right side of the brain hemisphere has obvious advantages.

[Key words] Basal ganglia region； Cerebral vascular disease； Memory disorders

在腦血管疾病中，基底神經節區梗死或出血占最大的比例[1]。在臨床上，如果基底神經節區腦血管發生病變既會引發運動功能障礙又會引發認知功能障礙，其中記憶障礙是最常見的功能障礙，而記憶障礙不僅會影響到患者的生活質量，還會影響到功能的恢復?！?br>