
[摘要] 目的 分析60歲以上老年眩暈發病、治療與預后情況,總結診治經驗。方法 整群選取2015年1—12月該院門急診收治老年眩暈患者441例,患者入院后,都進行詳細的病史問詢、體格檢查,據伴隨癥狀選擇合適的輔助檢查手段,轉相關科室診斷,急診入院患者,明確診斷前,保證休息,臥床,對癥治療,明確診斷后轉科或門診停留針對病因治療,對比不同病種相關資料。結果 除眩暈外,伴惡心/嘔吐、耳鳴聽力下降、肢體麻木、氣促、頭痛、肢體功能障礙;最終診斷BPPV 、腦血管病 、精神原因誘發眩暈、突發性耳聾/梅尼埃病、其它分別占44.90%、 26.08%、13.83%、7.03%、其它8.16%,不同疾病年齡、院內停留時間、24 h明確診斷率、眩暈病史、門診出院率、隨訪復發率差異具有統計學意義(P<0.05)。結論 60歲以上老年眩暈病因復雜,多見BPPV、后循環缺血,多數可在門診治療,部分需住院治療,復發率高。
[關鍵詞] 眩暈;老年人;臨床分析
[中圖分類號] R741.04 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1674-0742(2016)11(a)-0059-03
[Abstract] Objective To analyze the above 60 years old of vertigo, treatment and prognosis, summarize the experience of diagnosis and treatment. Methods Group selection January to Decembr 2015, outpatient and emergency patients were elderly vertigo in 441 Cases, all patients after admission, history inquiry, detailed physical examination, according to the accompanying symptoms to choose appropriate means of auxiliary examination, the relevant departments to diagnosis. Emergency patients, before the diagnosis, to ensure the rest, bed, symptomatic treatment after diagnosis, stay or outpatient treatment for the cause, comparison of different disease related data. Results Except with vertigo, nausea / vomiting, tinnitus, hearing loss, limb numbness, shortness of breath, headache, limb dysfunction; the final diagnosis of BPPV and cerebrovascular disease the spirit, cause dizziness, sudden deafness / Meniere's disease, other accounted for 44.90%, 26.08%, 13.83%, 7.03%, 8.16%, different diseases, age, residence time in the hospital, 24h definite diagnosis rate. History of halo, outpatient hospital discharge rate, recurrence rate, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Over the age of 60 elderly patients with vertigo complex etiology, common BPPV, posterior circulation ischemia. The majority of the therapy in the clinic, which need to be hospitalized and the recurrence rate is high.
[Key words] Vertigo; Aged;Clinical analysis
眩暈是一種常見的癥狀表現,或原發病,指在無外界刺激前提下,出現的自身或外物旋轉、前后、升降錯覺,眩暈發病率高達5%,絕大多數都有眩暈病史[1]。眩暈是一組疾病,病因復雜,包括缺血性眩暈、前庭周圍性眩暈(Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo,BPPV)、頸性眩暈(Cervical Vertigo,CV)等。老年人是眩暈的高發人群,多見循環缺血引起的眩暈,發病率高,治療難度大,復發率高[2]。該次研究試以2015年1—12月該院門急診收治老年眩暈患者441例作為研究對象,分析60歲以上老年眩暈發病、治療與預后情況,總結診治經驗,現報道如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
整群選取該院門急診收治老年眩暈患者441例,其中男250例、女191例,年齡60~93歲、平均(67.3±6.2)歲。……