[摘要] 目的 探討艾滋病患者隱球菌感染性腦膜炎所致的腦積水的治療策略及療效分析。方法 回顧自2015年9月—2016年9月在博茨瓦納仰加奎醫(yī)院收住的經(jīng)內(nèi)科和我科確診的42例艾滋病并發(fā)新型隱球菌感染性腦膜炎所致的42例病例,觀察兩組患者治療效果及預(yù)后情況。結(jié)果 37例行腦室-腹腔分流術(shù)(VP分流術(shù)),2例患者因經(jīng)抗真菌治療,腦積水癥狀改善,3例因腰穿測(cè)壓為非高顱壓性腦積水。術(shù)后予抗真菌治療,總療程3個(gè)月。3個(gè)月后36例均恢復(fù)良好,僅1例因原發(fā)病加重死亡。結(jié)論 按日常生活活動(dòng)能力(ADL)量表,I級(jí)1例,II級(jí)0例,III級(jí)1例,IV級(jí)40例。VP分流術(shù)及術(shù)后大劑量足療程使用抗真菌治療在艾滋病并發(fā)隱球菌感染性腦膜炎所致的腦積水效果確切,在非洲具有極高的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 艾滋病;隱球菌感染性腦膜炎;腦積水;VP分流術(shù)
[中圖分類(lèi)號(hào)] R515 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A [文章編號(hào)] 1674-0742(2016)11(a)-0065-03
[Abstract] Objective To analyse the methods and prognosis of the AIDS hydrocephalus patients with the erptococcusneoformansmeningitis. Methods From September 2015 to September 2016,42 ADIS patients with the eryptococcusneoformans meningitis were admitted in Nyangabgwe hospital of Botswana. Results 37 cases were performed the VP-shunt,2 patients recovered well after antifungal treatment,3 cases are normal pressure hydrocephalus.The operation cases were given the antifungal treatment for 3 months,one patient died from the original disease,other cases were satisfactory recovered. Conclusion Acoording to the ADL sacle,Grade I 1 case,Grade II 0 case,Grade III 1 case,Grade IV 40 cases.The effect of VP shunt and high dosage of antifungal treatment are very confirmed,can significantly improve the AIDS patients with eryptococcusneoformansmeningitis.It is a great value in Africa.
[Key words] Aids; Cryptococcalneoformansmeningitis,;Hydrocephalus;Ventricular-Abdominal shunt
博茨瓦納位于非洲南部,人口約200萬(wàn),人群艾滋病陽(yáng)性率為38%,位居全球第2。新型隱球菌性腦膜炎(Cryptococcalneoformansmeningitis,CNM)是艾滋病患者常見(jiàn)的顱內(nèi)并發(fā)癥,腦膜、腦實(shí)質(zhì)可同時(shí)受累,繼而導(dǎo)致的惡性惡性顱高壓、腦疝是導(dǎo)致患者嚴(yán)重并發(fā)癥及死亡的主要原因之一[1]。該醫(yī)療隊(duì)神經(jīng)外科,自2015年9月—2016年9月期間收治42例確診的艾滋病陽(yáng)性并新型隱球菌感染性腦膜炎致腦積水患者,其中37例行腦室腹腔分流術(shù)(VP分流術(shù)),術(shù)前、術(shù)后均給予抗真菌治療。對(duì)此37例患者的一般資料、臨床表現(xiàn)、實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢查,治療及預(yù)后進(jìn)行回顧性分析,取得良好效果,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。……