
[摘要] 目的 分析62例小兒傳染性單核細胞增多癥(IM)的臨床特點,提高IM的診療水平。方法 整群選取該院2014年6月—2016年6月收治的62例IM患兒進行回顧性分析,分析其臨床表現、并發癥、實驗室檢查、臨床療效及預后。結果 IM患兒臨床表現為發熱、咽峽炎、淋巴結腫大、肝脾腫大、咳嗽、皮疹、雙眼瞼水腫等;并發癥多表現為:肺炎、肝功能異常、心肌損害等;實驗室檢查白細胞總數升高, 異型淋巴細胞超過10%,EB病毒抗體陽性;患兒經常規更昔洛韋等治療均治愈,預后良好。結論 小兒IM臨床表現、實驗室表現各異,并發癥較多,提高對本病的認識,可有效避免漏診及誤診,應用更昔洛韋抗病毒治療有效,預后良好。
[關鍵詞] EB病毒;傳染性單核細胞增多癥;臨床特點
[中圖分類號] R5 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1674-0742(2016)11(a)-0053-03
[Abstract] Objective To analyze the clinical features of 62 cases of infectious disease of children with infectious disease (IM), and to improve the diagnosis and treatment of IM. Methods Group selection 62 cases of IM were retrospectively analyzed in our hospital from June 2014 to June 2016. The clinical manifestations, complications, laboratory tests, clinical curative effect and prognosis were analyzed. Results The clinical manifestations of children with IM for fever, angina, lymph adenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, cough, skin rash, eyelid edema etc.; complications showed: pneumonia, abnormal liver function, myocardial damage; laboratory examination, the total number of white blood cells increased, atypical lymphocytes over 10%, EB virus antibody positive; the children often gauge ganciclovir treatment were cured, the prognosis is good. Conclusion Children with IM clinical manifestations, laboratory performance of different, more complications, improve on the understanding of the disease, which can effectively avoid the misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis, the application of ganciclovir antivirus therapy is effective, the prognosis is good.
[Key words] EB virus; Infectious disease; Clinical features;
傳染性單核細胞增多癥(infectious mononucleosis,IM)是由EB病毒(Epstein-Barr virus,EBV)所致的急性感染性疾病,是一種常見的、與EB病毒相關的臨床綜合征[1]。我國IM患者主要為學齡前及學齡兒童[2],臨床上以發熱、咽喉痛、肝脾和淋巴結腫大、外周血中淋巴細胞增多并出現異型淋巴細胞等為特征。由于癥狀、體征、實驗室檢查等的多樣化表現以及不典型病例增多,給正確的臨床診斷、治療帶來困難。為此,筆者對該院2014年6月—2016年6月診治的62例 小兒IM病例進行了總結分析,以期待能為正確及時的臨床診治帶來相應的參考,現報道如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
整群選取該院診治的62例IM患兒作為研究對象,均符合《諸福棠實用兒科學》IM診斷標準[3]。其中男性患兒33例,年齡9個月~12歲,平均年齡(2.9±0.6)歲,女性患兒27例,年齡9.5個月~12.6歲,平均年齡(3.4±0.8)歲?!?br>