護理干預在老年髖關節置換術圍手術期的應用分析

[摘要] 目的 探討護理干預在老年髖關節置換術圍手術期的應用。方法 整群選取2014年10月—2016年6月該院收治的老年髖關節置換66例，采取隨機數字表法將患者分為兩組（對照組和干預組），每組33例。對照組實施常規護理，干預組在常規護理的基礎上實施手術前的心理護理、手術前的準備工作、術中的護理、術后護理，康復護理以及出院指導，進行護理干預。比較兩組患者的臨床療效。結果 干預組的臨床療效優良率達90.9%，明顯高于對照組的60.6%，差異有統計學意義（P<0.05）。結論 在圍手術期對老年髖關節置換術患者實施護理干預，能夠提改善患者的臨床療效，提高患者的生活質量，具有較高的臨床推廣價值。

[關鍵詞] 髖關節置換術；圍手術期；護理干預 ；老年

[中圖分類號] R5 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1674-0742（2016）11（c）-0152-03

[Abstract] Objective Explore the application of nursing intervention to elder patients with hip joint replacement on the perioperative period. Methods Group selection the 66 elder patients with hip joint replacement from our hospital between October 2014 and June 2016 were selected as the research object. These patients were divided into two groups （control group and intervention group）， 33 cases in each group， by a random number table method. Control group was only given routine nursing while intervention group was given the mental health care before operation， preoperative preparation， operative nursing， postoperative nursing， rehabilitation nursing and discharge guidance as nursing intervention on the basis of routine nursing. Then， the clinical effects in two group patients were compared. Results In intervention group， the clinical curative effect was 90.9%， which was significantly higher compared with the control group （60.6%），The difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion In perioperative period， the nursing intervention on elderly patients with hip replacement can improve the patients’ joint swelling and pain， improve the patient's quality of life， and has high clinical value .

[Key words] Hip joint replacement； Preoperative period； Nursing intervention；Elderly

髖關節置換術是指利用人造髖關節置換所有或部分髖關節以重建關節運動功能的一種修復手術，目前已經成為治療髖關節疾病老年患者的最常用手段之一[1]。該手術對于解除患者的痛苦，最大程度地恢復患者髖關節的生理功能具有很好效果[2]。然而老年患者的機體器官功能有所下降、體質偏差，很多同時患有其他疾病如心血管、肝肺功能疾病等，又因為此手術創傷較大，導致老年患者在髖關節置換術后往往恢復較慢，還可能會出現手術并發癥[3]。護理干預是基于一定科學理論，在護理診斷的指導下，按事先預訂的干預方法從事的一系列護理活動，其對患者的恢復有很好的促進作用。……