下肢深靜脈血栓形成患者的護理體會

[摘要] 目的 探討對下肢深靜脈血栓形成患者實施綜合護理干預的臨床效果。 方法 整群選取該院2013年5月—2015年12月收治的59例發生下肢深靜脈血栓形成患者，將其根據數據隨機方式分為研究組和對照組。研究組30例采取針對性綜合護理干預；對照組29例采取常規的護理干預。比較兩組護理效果及預后。結果 研究組滿意率100.00%與對照組滿意率75.86%比較差異有統計學意義（P<0.05）；兩組在住院期間，研究組 30例患者，治愈4例，好轉26例，未出現出血、新血栓形成和肺動脈栓塞；對照組29例，好轉29例，3例發生出血，2例出現新的血栓形成，1例發生肺栓塞（因發現和治療及時，無1例死亡）。結論 對下肢深靜脈血栓形成患者實施綜合護理干預的臨床效果顯著，有效率高，明顯提高患者對治療和護理工作的滿意率，促進患者快速康復，提高患者生活質量。有效的降低患者致殘率及死亡率。值得臨床推廣。

[關鍵詞] 下肢深靜脈血栓形成；綜合護理干預；臨床效果

[中圖分類號] R473 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1674-0742（2016）11（c）-0161-03

[Abstract] Objective To explore the implementation in patients with lower extremity deep venous thrombosis of the clinical effect of comprehensive nursing intervention. Selection Methods Group selection from May 2013 to December 2015 were of 59 cases of patients with deep vein thrombosis of lower limb， it divided into research group and the control group according to the data random way. Take corresponding comprehensive nursing intervention group 30 cases； Control group 29 cases take routine nursing intervention. Compare two groups of the nursing effect and prognosis. Results The team satisfaction rate of 100.00% compared with the control group 75.86% difference was statistically significant（P < 0.05）； Two groups during hospitalization， the team of 30 patients， 4 cases were cured， 26 better， does not appear hemorrhage， thrombosis and pulmonary embolism； Control group 29 cases， improvement in 29 cases， 3 cases of hemorrhage， 2 cases of the emergence of a new thrombosis， 1 case of pulmonary embolism （due to the timely detection and treatment， with no deaths）. Conclusion For lower extremity deep venous thrombosis of the implementation of comprehensive nursing intervention in patients with clinical effect is remarkable， high efficient， improve the satisfaction of patients for treatment and nursing， promote the patients' rapid recovery， improve patient quality of life. Effective in reducing patient morbidity and mortality. Worthy of clinical promotion.

[Key words] DVT； Comprehensive nursing intervention； Clinical effect

下肢深靜脈血栓形成是臨床上一些大手術后較嚴重的并發癥之一。相關研究顯示，骨科手術患者、腹盆腔手術患者、腫瘤化療患者、婦科手術患者以及產婦等導致下肢深靜脈血栓形成的風險最高[1]。下肢深靜脈血栓形成后，輕者可以治愈或好轉，對生活質量及預后影響較小。但嚴重者會并發肺動脈栓塞，危及生命。因此，在臨床工作中，給予高危患者采取針對性綜合護理干預措施對下肢深靜脈血栓形成的預防及預后具有重大意義。……