The principle of objectivity in the production of literary theory knowledge

Li Tianpeng

Abstract：The principle of objectivity is one of the production of knowledge of literature and art. Mainly from three aspects to study the principle of objectivity of knowledge production， from the producers， production environment， production of product knowledge. In the production of knowledge in the context of globalization， abide by the principle of objectivity is to comply with the production of knowledge globalization.

Key words：Literary theory Knowledge production Objectivity

The objective principle of knowledge production refers to the objectivity of knowledge production， the production context and the correctness of knowledge products. The principle of objectivity of knowledge production is discussed in detail from three perspectives of producer， knowledge production context and production product. The same is true of literary theory of knowledge production.

First， from the point of view of the production of knowledge products. The purpose of knowledge production and production of knowledge is to know the world， to transform the world. Theory of literature and art knowledge production also lies in the understanding of the world， is the understanding of the subjective world， and in the transformation of the subjective world， which requires knowledge of literature and art to do according to the objective law， which requires knowledge of literary theory is scientific， accuracy. Li in his book "production mode of scientific knowledge and its evolution" refers to the point， he said， “To illustrate the "scientific knowledge production" is not only the production of natural science knowledge. The term "science" is generalized here， which includes social science and natural science. In fact， Li Zhengfeng himself is the one who understands this. Over the rainbow in the understanding of literature of the three path， "a text， the Chinese literary and art theory of knowledge production to ignore differences in the history of Western knowledge of" integration "mode of production of ridicule and criticism， pointed out that this mode of production” easily erase the thought resources of historical knowledge differences ".Historical knowledge differences is knowledge base of objectivity as well as the difference in knowledge itself objectivity， wiping out "history knowledge of difference" is in the process of knowledge production ignored the principle of objectivity of knowledge production. On the basis of criticism， Yu Hong further pointed out that only the difference in history has the knowledge that respect the objectivity of knowledge difference itself， "new knowledge production is possible. In other words， the accumulation and renewal of any knowledge must respect the basic order and rules of the world." Here， the knowledge of the world is not only the basic order and rules and the objectivity of the historical knowledge differences itself is synonymous. Visible， theory of literature and art knowledge production can not ignore differences in historical knowledge itself， cannot ignore the objectivity of knowledge itself in the historical context of knowledge， ignoring the objectivity of this knowledge will have a joke. And this is contemporary Chinese literature theory textbooks written in the face of a major problem， is also China's current literary theory textbooks written knowledge production made a principle error， namely of knowledge production： the principle of objectivity， ignored.

Second， from the perspective of producers. The main body of knowledge production is the direct creator of knowledge production， the main body of knowledge reserve， knowledge structure and my moral accomplishment， personality traits， desire and so on， all determine the situation of knowledge production. Main knowledge production and knowledge structure can not be a single， otherwise it will cause the product knowledge "malnutrition"， subject of knowledge production itself cannot be blinded by greed， to do justice， comprehensive， objective and scientific. Mannheim， Germany philosopher believes that "any ideas are determined by the specific social context， reflects the thinkers in the membership of social groups and classes of interest， will， desire， is a specific social groups to achieve its special social function." It seems that the knowledge producers can not escape his class identity， the desire of the interests of pure and objective knowledge of production， that is， the production of knowledge is bound to be subjective. This is certainly not wrong， but for the production of knowledge does not recognize the subjectivity， the principle of objectivity of knowledge production knowledge producers against. In fact， the two are opposite， and unified. As Mannheim's theory had pointed out the knowledge production is inseparable from the class attribute， as desire. It also suggests that the knowledge production to comply with the class， desire and so on "theory factors". That is to say， it is knowledge producers cannot be separated from the class identity and interests， rather than the producers themselves can not be divorced from the objectivity， because these factors as the objective. People's desire， class attribute itself is the objective existence， this is the existence of human nature can not escape （desire） and social existence （class）. In this sense， the subjectivity of knowledge production to a certain extent is the objectivity of knowledge production. Marx believes that social existence determines social consciousness， the knowledge production is production of social consciousness， as the objective existence of desire and class attribute determines the knowledge production of the producers can not escape the objectivity， which requires knowledge producers to take his objectivity as knowledge knowledge production principles to abide by. Any knowledge production objective attribute knowledge producer itself the escape is empty empty talk of knowledge production.

Third， from the knowledge production context. The production of knowledge can not be divorced from the objective law， beyond the productivity and production rules of the constraints of the producers of knowledge context. Mannheim think "spontaneous human knowledge is not the objective world， the subjective mind， people are not created out of thin air， the in content and form are the product of social and collective. Social knowledge learning aims to empirically analyze all social relations， social groups and other 'super theoretical factors' is how to decide on the appointment viewing angle and range， how to influence the process of knowledge generation and development， how to penetrate into the content and the form of knowledge. ""It seems any ideas in Mannheim， is decided by the social circumstances". Mannheim's Sociology of knowledge is that knowledge producers to comply with the production of knowledge in the context of production， the times when it is necessary to pay attention to the knowledge production environment， the objective conditions， social context， that is from the context of knowledge production to illustrate the knowledge producers to comply with the principle of objectivity of knowledge production.

In the era of globalization， the principle of the objectivity of knowledge production requires the knowledge producers to produce in the perspective of globalization， that is， to comply with the context of globalization in the production of knowledge. Under the requirements of this context， knowledge producers should deal with the knowledge of local knowledge and global knowledge production. It is not only to adhere to the local knowledge of the power line， but also to adhere to the knowledge of local knowledge. The power line to indigenous knowledge as a marginalized and oppressed knowledge， attention to indigenous knowledge in the process of decolonization in the function and mission of route knowledge is practical route， indigenous knowledge is regarded as a traditional knowledge， try to pursue the indigenous knowledge of political independence， pay attention to its practical value in agriculture， health， environment and so on. Chinese contemporary literary theory of knowledge production is also facing the conflict between ontology and Western knowledge. The theory of knowledge production two routes should be objective and reasonable treatment. Theory of literature and art knowledge producers should adhere to the line of power of local knowledge， also of the western knowledge to the view to route knowledge， in the correct handling of Chinese literary theories and Western literary theory knowledge based， to produce the multivariate rational dialogue Chinese theory of literature and art knowledge.

Reference

[1] Li Zhengfeng. the production mode of scientific knowledge and its evolution. Beijing： Tsinghua University press， 2006， p.83.

[2] Yu Hong. three ways of understanding literature， literary theory，.2006.

[3] Zhang Jianzhong. the study thought Mannheim knowledge society. Shanghai： Shanghai people's press， 2013， p.3.

【作者簡(jiǎn)介】

李天鵬（1988—），男，重慶人，西南交通大學(xué)人文學(xué)院博士研究生，主要研究方向：文藝?yán)碚撆c批評(píng)。