The Influence of Ideology on Literal Translation

黃蓉蓉++李佩紋

意識形態對文學翻譯的影響

——《兒子與情人》兩個中譯本的比較研究

【Abstract】This paper has made a comparative study of the two Chinese versions of Sons and Lovers in 1983 and 2012， from the perspective of ideology under the framework of Rewriting Theory. The author gives examples from the two versions， probes into the dominant ideologies in the 1980s and 2010s and illustrates how ideology constraints influence the translation process.

【Key Words】Sons and Lovers； Chinese translations； Rewriting Theory； Ideology

【中圖分類號】H315.9 【文獻標識碼】A 【文章編號】2095-3089（2016）19-0002-01

In Rewriting and the Manipulation of Literary Fame， Lefevere discusses the interaction between poetics， ideology and translation. For him， the most important consideration is the ideology constraints. From the perspective of ideology under the framework of Rewriting Theory， this paper will make a comparative study of the two Chinese versions of Sons and Lovers in 1983 and 2012. It proves that ideology can directly affect the translation strategy of translators.

Example：

And Clara knew this held him to her， so she trusted altogether to the passion. It， however， failed her very often. They did not often reach again the height of that once when the pewits had called. Gradually， some mechanical effort spoilt their loving， or， when they had splendid moments， they had them separately， and not so satisfactorily. （D.H. Lawrence， 2005：349）

Version 1

克萊拉知道正是這種感覺把他拴在她身邊，所以她無保留地獻身于這種熱情。可是事情往往叫她失望。（P.395）

Version 2

克拉拉情知正是這種感覺把他系在她的裙邊，所以她也愿意在激情中忘掉一切。可惜事情往往不隨人愿。他們往往達不到耳聽紅嘴鷗尖叫時那次做愛的高度了。一種機械性的努力逐漸破壞了他們的做愛，即便有過令人心曠神怡的高潮，也不是同時獲得，而且難以讓人滿足。他老是覺得自己在單槍匹馬地拼殺，得不到配合。（P.410）

The translators in version one dont translate the sentences of sex descriptions in their translation， while the explicit language used in version two faithfully represents the original text. In the past， sex was always a topic of taboo in Chinese society. People were inhibited to talk about sex. Chen Liangting， who was born in 1929， was influenced by the old Chinese concept of sex more or less. In version one， we can see the traces of the manipulation of this ideology. In the early 1980， although people were a little more open？鄄minded than before， sex was also a sensitive topic in Chinese society. It is no wonder that translators of version one dont translate the sex descriptions deliberately in their translation. With the implementation of reform and opening up and the irresistible trend of economic globalization， Chinese concept of sex has undergone big changes. The concept of liberating sex originating from western countries has influenced Chinese society to a great extent. In the 2010s， talking about sex is no longer a taboo in Chinese society. Under this ideology， Chen Hongyu translates the sex description faithfully in his/her version.

As an inter？鄄lingual and cross？鄄cultural communication behavior， translation is closely related to ideology. As an “invisible hand”， ideology manipulates translation practice. （Wang Dongfeng， 2003） Translators in different times may be influenced by different dominant ideologies. The translation strategies they adopt probably are influenced by different ideologies.

Bibliography：

[1]D.H.Lawrence. Sons and Lovers [M]. Xian： World Publishing Corporation， 2005.

[2]D.H.Lawrence.陳紅玉譯.兒子與情人[M].南京：譯林出版社，2012.

[3]D.H.Lawrence.陳良廷，劉文瀾譯.兒子與情人 [M].北京：人民文學出版社，1983.

[4]王東風.一只看不見的手——論意識形態對翻譯實踐的操縱[J].中國翻譯，2003（5）：16-23.