陳玲+黃小琴


摘 要 目的:探討子宮壓迫縫合治療剖宮產產后出血的臨床效果。方法:選取2012年11月—2014年10月收治的剖宮產產后出血產婦85例,隨機分為試驗組43例,采用子宮壓迫縫合治療;對照組42例,采取傳統手術治療。觀察兩組手術時間、產后出血量、產褥病率、子宮切除率、平均住院時間、月經復潮時間。結果:試驗組手術時間為(51.57±5.24)min,產后出血量為(672.48±26.84)ml,對照組手術時間為(67.84±6.21)min,產后出血量為(1 106.24±35.77)ml,組間差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)。試驗組產褥病率和子宮切除率分別為4.65%(2/43)和0,對照組產褥病率和子宮切除率分別為28.57%(12/42)和9.52%(4/42),組間差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)。試驗組平均住院時間為(6.21±1.94)d,低于對照組的(10.33±2.46)d(P<0.05)。結論:子宮壓迫縫合治療剖宮產產后出血的臨床效果較好。
關鍵詞 產后出血 子宮壓迫縫合 剖宮產
中圖分類號:R714.46+1 文獻標志碼:A 文章編號:1006-1533(2016)16-0021-02
Evaluation of the effect of uterine compression suture in the treatment of postpartum hemorrhage
CHEN Ling, HUANG Xiaoqin
(Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of TCM Hospital, Dongxiang County, Jiangxi Province 331800, China)
ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of uterine compression suture in the treatment of postpartum hemorrhage of cesarean section. Methods: From Nov. 2012 to Oct. 2014, 85 cases of caesarean postpartum hemorrhage were selected and randomly divided into an experiment group with 43 cases who were treated with uterine compression suture and a control group with 42 cases with conventional surgery. The operative time, postpartum bleeding, puerperal morbidity, hysterectomy rate, average hospital stay and menstruation after tide time were observed in the two groups. Results: The operation time was (51.57±5.24)min, and the amount of postpartum hemorrhage was (672.48 ± 26.84) ml in the experimental group, and the operation time was (67.84±6.21)min, and the amount of postpartum hemorrhage was (1106.24±35.77)ml in the control group, and there were significant differences between the two groups(P<0.05). Puerperal morbidity and hysterectomy rate were 4.65%(2/43) and 0 in the experimental group, puerperal morbidity and hysterectomy rates were 28.57%(12/42) and 9.52%(4/42) in the control group, and there were significant differences between the two groups(P<0.05). The average length of hospital stay in the experimental group was (6.21±1.94) d which was lower than that in the control group[ (10.33 ± 2.46)d, (P<0.05)]. Conclusion: The uterine compression suture has good clinical effect in the treatment of postpartum hemorrhage after cesarean section.
KEY WORDS postpartum hemorrhage; uterus oppression suture; caesarean
產后出血是產科常見并發癥之一,是引起產婦死亡的主要原因之一。臨床需積極有效的處理產后出血,挽救產婦生命[1]。研究有效的處理產后出血的方法,對于保障產婦生命、提高產婦生活質量具有重要意義。我院采用子宮壓迫縫合術治療產后出血療效較好,現報道如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
選取我院2012年11月—2014年10月收治的剖宮產產后出血產婦85例,按照入院順序隨機均分為試驗組和對照組。試驗組43例,年齡為24~36歲,平均(28.49±6.54)歲,足月分娩;雙胎妊娠17例,巨大兒10例,重度子癇前期10例,前置胎盤6例。對照組42例,年齡為24~35歲,平均(29.11±6.21)歲,足月分娩;雙胎妊娠17例,巨大兒10例,重度子癇前期9例,前置胎盤6例。兩組產婦的臨床一般資料相比差異無統計學意義(P>0.05)。患者均簽署知情同意協議書。排除合并其他疾病患者。
1.2 方法
對照組采取傳統手術治療,按摩子宮,熱鹽水紗布墊壓迫出血部位,應用縮宮素,靜脈應用止血藥物,出血部位8字縫合,雙側子宮動脈上行支結扎、宮腔填塞紗條。
試驗組采用子宮壓迫縫合治療,產婦均采取子宮下段剖宮產,用弧形5~6 cm的大圓針帶0~1號可吸收線。將子宮托出腹腔,進行子宮壓迫試驗,加壓后出血基本停止,則成功的可能性較大。手術后觀察子宮收縮情況和陰道出血情況,宮縮好轉的患者,陰道出血減少,則在宮底部中央褥式縫合漿肌層。宮縮乏力的產婦則從宮底到子宮下段行3~4個縫合。子宮放回腹腔后,進行觀察,產婦情況正常則逐層關閉腹腔。
觀察兩組產婦手術時間、產后出血量、產褥病率、切除子宮率、平均住院時間和月經復潮時間。
1.3 統計學分析
2 結果
試驗組產婦手術時間、產后出血量、褥病率、子宮切除率均低于對照組(P<0.05,表1)。試驗組和對照平均住院時間分別為(6.21±1.94)d和(10.33±2.46)d,組間差異有統計學意義(P<0.05);月經復潮時間分別為(107.12±6.87)d和(111.32±6.44)d,組間差異無統計學意義(P>0.05)。
3 討論
產后出血是分娩期嚴重的并發癥,引起產后出血的原因較多,主要有子宮收縮乏力、產科因素、子宮因素等[2-4]。子宮收縮乏力的發生和產婦精神緊張和疲勞有關,產科因素主要包括產程延長、前置胎盤、妊高癥等,子宮因素則多是子宮發育不良、瘢痕子宮等[5-7]。
子宮壓迫縫合術是近年來采取的治療產后宮縮乏力性出血的新方法[8-9]。本研究顯示,試驗組的手術時間、產后出血量低于對照組(P<0.05),提示采取子宮壓迫縫合術治療效果較好,手術風險降低。試驗組產褥病率和子宮切除率低于對照組(P<0.05),表明子宮壓迫縫合術治療有利于產婦的產后恢復。另外,本研究顯示,試驗組平均住院時間低于對照組(P<0.05),這在一定程度上減輕了產婦家庭的經濟負擔。對于月經復潮情況,兩組差異無統計學意義(P>0.05),表明子宮壓迫縫合術治療對月經恢復無影響。
目前,盡管產后止血方法有多種,如子宮動脈上行支結扎術、子宮動脈栓塞術等,但都對手術技術要求較高,而且手術時間長,損傷大[10-14]。采取子宮壓迫縫合術,是十分可取的止血方法[15-16]。
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