鄞州地區男性流動人口艾滋病認知程度與相關行為調查

朱潔群+周碧波

【摘要】目的：了解2011至2014年寧波市鄞州區流動人口艾滋病防治相關知識、行為及艾滋病、梅毒感染狀況，為制定防治策略措施提供科學依據。方法：2011至2014年對前來寧波市鄞州區疾病預防控制中心體檢門診進行體檢的男性流動人口進行問卷調查，并進行艾滋病、梅毒的血清學檢測。結果：2011至2014年共有1532名男性流動人口接受問卷調查及檢測。調查對象主要為20～39歲年齡段人群，占61.3%；婚姻狀況以已婚為主，有1162人，占75.8%；文化程度以初中最多，有1009人，占65.9%。調查對象艾滋病防治知識知曉率較低，最近一年與小姐發生性行為堅持使用安全套的比例為18.4%～25.4%；最近一年與臨時性伴發生性行為堅持使用安全套的比例為3.6%～22.9%。2011至2014年共檢測出HIV抗體陽性2人，梅毒抗體陽性率介于0.3%～2.5%之間，且呈逐年上升趨勢。結論：需加強艾滋病非傳播途徑知識的宣傳，提高艾滋病預防能力。艾滋病知信行，必須以知識為基礎、以態度為動力，促使行為有效改變。

【關鍵詞】男性流動人口；艾滋病；性行為

Survey onawareness of AIDS and the related behaviors among male floating populationZHU Jiequn， ZHOU Bibo. Ningbo Yinzhou District Center for Disease Control & Prevention， Ningbo 315100， Zhejiang， China

【Abstract】Objectives： To understand the awareness of AIDS related knowledge， prevalence of risk behaviors and infection status of HIV， Treponema pallidum in male floating population in Yinzhou district of Ningbo from 2011 to 2014， and provide evidence for the comprehensive prevention and control of AIDS. Methods： Questionnaire interviews were conducted in male floating population who came to Yinzhou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention for medical examination from 2011 to 2014. Blood samples were tested for HIV and syphilis infection. Results： 1532 male floating persons were surveyed from 2011 to 2014， and 61.3% of them were 20 to 39 years old. Among them， 1162 individuals were married， accounting for 75.8%. 1009 individuals had the educational level of junior high school， accounting for 65.9%. The awareness rate of HIV/AIDS prevention knowledge was low. The populations of consistent condom use while having commercial sex in past year were 18.4% to 25.4%. The populations of consistent condom use while having casual sex in past year were 3.6% to 22.9%. During 2011-2014， 2 cases of positive anti-HIV were detected. The syphilis antibody infection rate was 0.3% to 2.5% and increased year by year. Conclusion： It is necessary to improve the publicity of knowledge about non-transmission， to enhance the ability of AIDS prevention. AIDS prevention must be based on knowledge， premised on faith， in order to change behavior effectively.

【Key words】Male floating population； AIDS； Sexual behavior

【中圖分類號】R512.91【文獻標志碼】A

流動人口是指在未改變原居住地戶口的情況下，到戶口所在地以外的地區從事經商、社會服務、務工等各種經濟活動的人群。隨著我國社會經濟的加速發展，現代交通的日益便利，流動人口的人數在不斷增長。流動人口大多來自經濟欠發達地區，在流入城市中由于文化觀念、衛生服務利用、生活環境適應等因素的差異，使流動人口成為易感染艾滋病病毒（human immunodeficiency virus， HIV）的脆弱人群[1，2]。……