鄒倩 王燕 段潔 黃燕明 郎雁 杜欣 李紅英 余煒昶



【摘要】目的:探討不同類型的先天性陰道發育異常的臨床特點、診斷及治療方法。方法:回顧性分析我院收治的58例陰道發育異常患者的病例資料。結果:58例陰道發育異常中,先天性無陰道16例(27.59%),陰道閉鎖11例(18.97%),處女膜閉鎖4例(6.90%),陰道橫隔4例(6.90%),陰道縱隔13例(22.41%),陰道斜隔10例(17.24%)。臨床表現為原發性閉經(53.45%)、下腹痛(48.28%)、不規則陰道出血(18.97%)、性生活困難(12.07%)等,常合并子宮畸形及腎臟發育異常。50例患者行宮腔鏡、腹腔鏡下檢查或宮腹腔鏡聯合檢查,并同時行手術治療,手術效果滿意。結論:陰道發育異常病變類型復雜,臨床表現多樣。陰道內鏡檢查對于無性生活的患者進行畸形排查更具優勢,應用宮腹腔鏡技術診治陰道發育異常更微創、更易被患者接受。
【關鍵詞】陰道發育異常;子宮畸形;陰道成形術
【Abstract】Objectives: To investigate the clinical feature, diagnosis and treatment of congenital vaginal malformation. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out to analyze the clinical data of 58 patients with vaginal malformation in our hospital. Results: Among the 58 patients, there were 16 (27.59%) with congenital absence of the vagina,11 (18.97%) with vaginal atresia, 4 (6.90%) with imperforate hymen, 4 (6.90%) with transverse vaginal septum, 13 (22.41%) with longitudinal vaginal septum, and 10 (17.24%) oblique vaginal septum. The clinical manifestations were primary amenorrhea (53.45%), abdominal pain (48.28%), abnormal bleeding (18.97%), and difficulty sexual intercourse(12.07%). Congenital vaginal malformation was often associated with uterine malformation and urinary malformation and all the patients having received operations had good clinical outcomes. Conclusion: Congenital vaginal malformation is of complex types, and the clinical manifestations are variable. Vaginoscopy is especially fit for female having no sexual life to examine the gential tract of anomalies. Laparoscopy combined with hysteroscopy in diagnosis and treatment of congenital vaginal malformation is minimally invasive that is more acceptable for patients.
【Key words】Congenital vaginal malformation; Clinical analysis; Uterine malformation; Vaginoplasty
【中圖分類號】R711【文獻標志碼】A
陰道由副中腎管(又稱苗勒管)和泌尿生殖竇發育而來。陰道發育異常是由于胚胎時期受到內在或外在因素干擾,影響原始性腺的分化發育、內生殖器官始基的融合、管道腔化和發育,從而導致各種陰道畸形的發生。臨床上陰道發育異常并不罕見,有文獻報道其發生率為1/10000~1/4000[1],本文回顧性分析了我院58例陰道發育異常患者的病例資料,以期更好的了解陰道發育異常的臨床特點,從而指導臨床尋求合理的治療方案。
1臨床資料
1.1一般資料
2010年5月至2014年6月我院共收治58例陰道發育異常患者,包括先天性無陰道16例,陰道閉鎖11例,處女膜閉鎖和陰道橫隔各4例,陰道縱隔13例,陰道斜隔10例。……