郭永平+周東芳+馬穎



【摘要】目的:探討妊娠期泌尿生殖系統、腸道、皮膚、口腔感染的相互關系。方法:通過問卷調查、臨床診斷、尿液和糞便樣本檢查研究262例孕婦的感染情況。利用多元回歸分析不同病原體感染之間的相互作用。結果:孕婦在各種感染下的患病率分別為:陰道炎90.2%, 陰道滴蟲病76.0%,細菌性陰道炎63.0%,鉤蟲58.0%,無癥狀菌尿或尿路感染61.5%,宮頸炎30.5%;陰道酵母菌(21.0%),陰道雙球菌(17.9%),蛔蟲(34.0%),鞭蟲(11.8%);齲齒(19.1%),疥瘡(17.2%)。多重回歸分析顯示在妊娠期滴蟲病和AB/UTI、雙球菌和蛔蟲之間呈現正相關,而BV和滴蟲病、鉤蟲和雙球菌之間則呈現著負相關。妊娠期間陰道乳酸菌數量的增多減少了雙球菌出現的幾率,但是增加了蛔蟲卵感染度和滴蟲病出現的幾率。結論:當我們只針對一種感染治療的時候可能增加其它病原體感染的風險,因此當臨床治療時需注意這些感染的正、負相關性,以確保一個合適的方案來治療與管理合并感染。
【關鍵詞】 妊娠期;細菌感染;真菌感染;原生動物感染;寄生蟲
【Abstract】Objectives: To explore the interrelationships among urogenital, the intestinal tract, skin and oral infection in pregnancy through a cross-sectional survey. Methods: Questionnaire investigation, clinical diagnosis, urine and stool samples were applied to detect the infection of 262 pregnant women. And the relationship between different pathogen infections was examined by the multiple regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of pregnancy of different infections were: vaginitis (90.2 %), vaginal trichomoniasis (76.0 %), bacterial vaginosis (BV; 63.0 %), hookworm (58.0 %), asymptomatic bacteriuria/urinary tract infection (AB/UTI; 61.5 %), cervicitis (30.5 %), vaginal yeast 21.0 %), Ascaris (34.0 %), vaginal diplococci (17.9 %), caries (19.1%), scabies (17.2 %), and Trichuris (11.8 %). Multiple regression analysis revealed positive associations (trichomoniasis and AB/UTI or diplococcus and Ascaris) and negative associations (BV and trichomoniasis; hookworm and diplococci) during pregnancy. Vaginal lactobacillus reduced chances of getting diplococcus, but increased Ascaris eggs per gram (epg) and trichomoniasis infection in pregnancy. Conclusion:Treatment against one kind of infection may increase the risk of others. Therefore, attention should be paid to the positive and negative correlation between these infections, to ensure a proper solution for combined infection.
【Key words】Pregnancy; Bacterial infections; Fungal infection; Protozoa infections; Parasites
【中圖分類號】R169【文獻標志碼】A
女性在妊娠期易發生一些生理變化,包括激素水平變化、機體免疫力下降和飲食生活習慣的改變等,而這一變化可能導致一些妊娠期感染性疾病惡化,從而影響母嬰生活,嚴重的話更會危及孕婦和胎兒的生命[1,2]。
通常情況下妊娠期感染主要是由于衛生條件不佳、孕婦營養不良或營養過剩引起的。在衛生保健意識貧乏的地區,合并感染可能是常見的疾病[3]。然而對孕期合并感染的研究主要集中在艾滋病毒、瘧疾與其他病原體之間的聯系,或兩者分別與腸道或生殖系統之間的關聯。……