陳霞?范少杰

衢州,成為巴西國家電視臺此次來中國采訪拍攝北京、杭州后的第三座城市。衢州憑借什么吸引國際眼球?三天之中,巴西記者輾轉三衢大地,以自己的視角聚焦人文風貌、解碼人文之美。
2017年9月,中國將舉辦金磚國家領導人第九次會晤。不久前,同為金磚國家的巴西,應邀到中國拍攝一部主題為《中國的改革發展成就》的紀錄片,向巴西民眾介紹中國城市面貌,展現中國的經濟發展及人文風貌的現狀與前景,增強中國在巴西的影響力。
教育是一個民族文化傳承的依托
“我本人十分想念母校的這個公園,在中國,人們認為有水的地方就能聚集靈氣。”曾就讀于衢州二中的中國中央電視臺海外聯絡部領隊付為民,一踏進校園,指著一池綠水,向巴西國家電視臺攝制組人員介紹。
衢州行,四名巴西記者在兩名中國同行的陪同下,首先來到這座名校采訪。
“在巴西,中學校園只是一棟樓房。”巴西電視臺主持人普麗西拉看著周邊郁郁蔥蔥的校園景色不由感嘆:“這里看起來就像一所大學,如此美麗的校園一定能為學生帶來很多靈感。”
在校史館,雙方暢聊起兩國的教育。巴西記者就“中國的高考對學生來說有多重要?通過高考可以考核學生哪方面能力?”等問題進行了采訪。衢州二中校長潘志強回答:“高考可以考驗一個學生對知識體系的掌握情況,反映學生對人生的定位與追求,部分學生愿意付出更多的時間和精力來完成學業,取得更高的目標。”
巴西記者十分關注中國教育模式,對中國高考實情也充滿好奇。“今天的學生就是中國的明天以及未來,教育是科學知識和民族文化傳承的重要依托。”在圖書館內,普麗西拉向學生們了解他們如何準備高考以及平時的學習生活狀況,她認為兩國教育都有值得彼此學習和借鑒的地方。
“中國目前正在面臨新高考改革,改革后把更多的選擇權還給學生,試卷難度在下降,對學生的綜合能力要求卻越來越高,這也是中國教育未來的趨勢。”潘志強向巴西記者介紹,學校在不斷尋求更適合學生發展的氛圍來感化學生,提倡師生平等相處,或是以學生為中心,重點培養學生的核心價值觀。
“把衢州作為采訪城市,是因為衢州文化底蘊深厚,并且有不錯的發展。”付為民說,選擇衢州二中作為其中的一個拍攝點,是其開放的校園環境和濃郁的國際化氣息吸引著他們。
近年來,衢州二中已經與加拿大、丹麥、瑞典、德國和韓國等國家的學校結成國際友好交流學校,致力于開展國際理解教育,為學生提供大量參與國際交流的機會。巴西記者因此提到,校方是否會擔憂外國文化對中國文化的沖擊。潘志強回答:“我們在傳承民族文化的大背景下吸納更多的外國經驗,學好外國語,做好中國人。”
“衢州二中是一所包容的學校,自然會吸納不同文化背景、語言、膚色的人進入校園。”潘志強表示,教科書不是學校的世界,世界才是學校的教科書,培養“具有中國文化底蘊、同時又具有國際視野和溝通能力的學生”是學校的辦學宗旨之一。
文化是一座城市的底蘊與風貌
天藍水綠,鳥語花香。在彌漫著濃厚的中國傳統文化氛圍的衢州孔氏南宗家廟,孔子第75代嫡長孫孔祥楷先生在后花園大中堂以品茗會客,與巴西記者暢談孔夫子思想對中國乃至世界的影響,以及孔子的主要教育理念。
孔祥楷先生提到,“中國教育很大程度上受孔夫子影響,例如2500多年前,孔夫子說有教無類,就如今天所提倡的教育平等。孔夫子主張和平,提倡政權掌握者愛護平民百姓等理念,也符合各國人民的希冀,所以現在有很多思想家、學者來中國,將孔子思想翻譯為本國文字帶回自己國家。”
不僅是儒學文化,極具禮制性特色的建筑與庭院景觀也吸引著巴西記者的眼球。采訪完孔祥楷先生后,巴西攝制組在園內取景、留影甚多,他們覺得“這里非常特別,很有純正的東方韻味”。
中國儒學館是傳承弘揚優秀傳統文化生動有效的載體和平臺,巴西記者在集儒學文化的體驗中心、展示平臺、傳承推廣中心和儒學典籍的收藏中心于一體的儒學館內,細細聆聽工作人員講解后,再進行拍攝,希望將更多的中國儒學文化精髓帶回巴西。
琳瑯滿目。衢州市博物館一具高達4米的“禮賢江山龍”骨骼化石,令巴西記者驚嘆不已。“小小一座城市,這里的館藏文物太豐富了,有3萬余件,開館至今已接待觀眾700余萬人次……”巴西記者向工作人員詳細了解內容后,一遍遍背誦,再通過鏡頭、話筒轉述給巴西民眾。“歷史從博物館開始。”
“我們走”“我是記者”“太美了”……一路上,巴西攝制組成員普麗西拉閑時就向翻譯學習簡單中文,她表示中國是個有趣的國家,所以她想學習中文,雖然中文于她而言比較難學。
傍晚時分,水亭門夕陽醉美,巴西記者用鏡頭記錄下了這一幕,語言不同的他們不斷直呼“真漂亮”。城樓上,普麗西拉用手機錄了一段視頻,發到社交平臺,把所見所聞介紹給她的朋友。
衢州只是中國的一個剪影,它的風貌風情,通過巴西國家電視臺的傳播在繼續。在衢州,巴西記者還到了紀念中華第一神針、明代針灸大師楊繼洲的“針圣”故里及九龍湖風景區等地采訪拍攝。他們告訴筆者,雖然時間短暫,但已經感覺無論自然還是人文,衢州“是一座非常美麗的城市”。
(本文攝影:陳霞)
Journalists of Brazilian National TV Visit Quzhou
By Chen Xia, Fan Shaojie
In April 2017, a crew of four television journalists from Brazilian National Television visited Quzhou, a key city in the southwest of Zhejiang, a coastal city in eastern China. At the invitation of the CCTV, the biggest Chinese television network, the Brazilian journalists came to China to make a documentary on Chinas reform and development before the summit meeting of BRIC to be held in China in September 2017.
Quzhou was the third city the Brazilians visited. The other two destinations were Beijing and Hangzhou. Accompanied by two CCTV colleagues, the Brazilian journalists visited Number 2 Middle School of Quzhou. It happened that one of the CCTV journalists was Fu Weimin, a graduate of the middle school and now a leader of the liaison department of the CCTV. He was excited to show the Brazilians around.
Priscilar, an anchorwoman of the Brazilian National Television, was impressed by the campus of the middle school. In Brazil, a middle school often has only one building, she commented. The middle school in Quzhou looked more like a college in her eyes.
The Brazilians were curious about (Chinas national college entrance examination) and its impact on general education. At the school history room, the Brazilian journalists quizzed headmaster Pan Zhiqiang about . At the school library, Priscilar interviewed some students there to find out how they prepared for and what their everyday life on the campus was like.
Fu Weimin explains that the Brazilians came to the campus simply because the middle school has been open to the outside world. In recent years, the middle school has twinned with middle schools in Canada, Denmark, Sweden, Germany and Republic of Korea. The cooperation with these schools gives the students of Number Two Middle School a lot of opportunities to engage in international exchanges and cooperation programs. When asked whether he was worried about the negative effects of foreign cultures upon Chinese culture, Pan Zhiqiang replied, “Textbooks are not the world of our school. The world is our textbooks. The school aims to cultivate students with an international vision and communication capabilities.”
The next top for the Brazilian journalists was the Confucius Family Temple and the family residence in Quzhou. The temple and the Confucian family residence were built in the early years of the Southern Song (1127-1279) after the Northern Song collapsed. The royal family escaped to the south and the Confucius family followed. The temple and the family residence were erected in Quzhou under the imperial decree.
The Brazilian journalists interviewed Kong Xiangkai, a 75th-generation descendent of Confucius at the Dazhong Hall in the garden of the family residence compound. Kong talked about Confucius influence at home and abroad and his ancestors major ideas on education.
The Brazilian journalists found the architectural magnificence of the temple and the garden impressive. After the interview, they spent quite a lot of time filming the ambiance and they took photos of themselves in the garden.
The journalists visited Quzhou Museum where they wowed at a 4-meter-tall fossil skeleton of a dinosaur, found in Jiangshan, a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Quzhou, and named after Jiangshan. The visitors were surprised to learn that the museum in such a small city boasts a collection of more than 30,000 cultural objects and that the museum has received more than 7 million visitors since its first opening to the general public.
The Brazilian journalists also visited the former home of Yang Jizhou, an acupuncture doctor of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), one of the best known acupuncture doctors of the country. They also visited the Nine Dragon Lake scenic zone in Quzhou. The visitors from South America found the city of culture and history was beautiful.