鄭潔++張雨++姚大軍++黃育華



摘要:
室外PM2.5可通過新風及圍護結構縫隙滲透至室內,室外PM2.5較高時尤為明顯,結果導致室內空氣中的PM2.5濃度上升。為了研究空調形式對室內外PM2.5濃度相關性的影響,在2015年夏季對重慶某辦公建筑中采用不同空調形式的室內外PM2.5濃度進行了實測。實測結果發(fā)現(xiàn):集中式空調、分體式空調和非空調房間室內外PM2.5濃度比變化范圍分別為0.59~0.76、047~0.76、0.71~0.91。室內外PM2.5濃度相關性系數(shù)的排序為:集中式空調環(huán)境(0.94)>非空調環(huán)境(0.92)>分體式空調環(huán)境(0.77),研究結果表明,辦公建筑的空調形式,對室內外PM2.5濃度的相關性有影響。
關鍵詞:PM2.5;空調形式; 線性擬合; 相關性系數(shù);辦公建筑
Abstract:
Outdoor PM2.5 could penetrate through fresh air and the wall gap into the room especially when outdoor PM2.5 is particularly high, which lead to the rapid rise in the indoor PM2.5 concentration. To determine the influence of the air conditioning system form on the indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentration, the PM2.5 concentration in the room with different air conditioning forms is measured in the summer of 2015, which is in an office building in Chongqing . The measured results show that: the range of the indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentration ratio is 0.59~0.76,0.47~0.76,and 0.71~0.91, respectively when the air conditioning system is . The relationship of indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentration correlation coefficient is centralized air conditioning environment(0.94) >non air conditioning environment (0.92) > decentralized air conditioning environment (0.77).The results show that air conditioning form in office building has the effect of on indoor PM2.5 concentration.
Keywords:
fine particle matter (PM2.5);air conditioning form; linear fitting; correlation coefficient; office building
人們平均每天約有21個小時在室內度過 [1]。對上班族而言,辦公室是除了住宅以外停留時間最長的場所,因此,為了保證室內人員的健康,有必要對辦公建筑室內空氣污染物進行研究。室內空氣中污染物主要有PM2.5、甲醛、苯、TVOCs等[2],其中,對人體傷害最大的是PM2.5顆粒物[3],不同于其他污染物,室內PM2.5主要源自室外,并受室內外眾多因素的影響[4,5]。目前,學者們針對室內外PM2.5濃度的關系進行了大量的研究,但絕大部分集中于自然通風或者窗戶關閉狀態(tài)下建筑室內外PM2.5濃度的數(shù)值關系[69]。其中,Nakorn 等[10]和VS等[11]對自然通風條件下室內外PM2.5濃度進行實測,得到室內外PM2.5濃度有相同的時變規(guī)律;趙力等[12]以自然通風下的辦公建筑為例,分別對冬、夏季室內外的PM2.5質量濃度進行了實測,發(fā)現(xiàn)冬季室內外PM2.5濃度和I/O比值均高于夏季;樊越勝等[13]根據(jù)所建立的質量平衡方程對西安市某辦公建筑室內PM2.5濃度進行了理論分析,并結合實測探討了室內外PM2.5濃度變化特征?!?br>