劉思宇 蘇珊 馬志強
摘 要 開放網(wǎng)絡學習資源的共享逐漸成為研究者關(guān)注的重點問題之一。從知識共享理論視角,從學習者與課程資源兩個角度,調(diào)查和分析開放網(wǎng)絡學習資源共享的影響因素。研究結(jié)論認為:學習者因素中的預期互惠關(guān)系和主觀規(guī)范以及共享態(tài)度,對開放網(wǎng)絡學習資源的共享意向有顯著正向的影響;學習者因素中的預期互惠關(guān)系及主觀規(guī)范和課程資源因素中的資源平臺支持,對開放網(wǎng)絡學習資源的共享態(tài)度有顯著的影響。
關(guān)鍵詞 知識共享;計劃行為理論;開放網(wǎng)絡學習資源
中圖分類號:G642.0 文獻標識碼:A
文章編號:1671-489X(2017)20-0001-04
Abstract At present, more and more researchers and practitioners begin to pay close attention to the problem of resource sharing about online learning. Based on the theories of knowledge sharing, this study investigates and analyzes the factors influencing the sharing of
open network learning resources from the two perspectives of learners
and curriculum resources. The conclusion of the study is as follows: the expected reciprocity, subjective norms and shared attitudes have significant effects on the sharing intention of open online learning resources. The expected reciprocity in the learners factors and the support of the resources in the subjective norms and curriculum re-sources factors have a significant impact on the sharing attitude of open network learning resources.
Key words knowledge sharing; theory of planned behavior; open network learning resources
1 引言
開放網(wǎng)絡學習資源是面向?qū)W習者、教育者以及自學者的免費的、開放的數(shù)字化學習資源。“開放”與“共享”是開放網(wǎng)絡學習資源注重的核心理念。也就是說,開放網(wǎng)絡學習資源絕不僅僅包括單純的網(wǎng)絡課件和視頻資源等內(nèi)容類資源,還應該包括一些資源的支持和服務,如工具與軟件、管理平臺和標準與協(xié)議等。聯(lián)通主義擴展了開放教育資源的研究領(lǐng)域,認為學習不僅是習得、消化知識的過程,更是一個創(chuàng)造知識的過程。即開放網(wǎng)絡學習資源不僅要具有淺層次的可獲取性,還要能被使用、修改以及重用。該理論強調(diào)了開放網(wǎng)絡學習資源的學習網(wǎng)絡和學習路徑。
目前,開放網(wǎng)絡學習資源共享存在如下問題。
1)學習資源過載。現(xiàn)在網(wǎng)絡上的開放教育資源有很多,但高等的、優(yōu)質(zhì)的、權(quán)威的資源很少。……