李巖+李宏光+方明+江祥偉+佩帥



摘要 試驗于2015—2016年在嘉禾縣普滿鄉試驗示范基地進行,選用6個供試品種,以研究其生長發育、抗病性、經濟性狀、外觀質量和感官質量等方面的特點。結果表明,根據當地的氣候環境,供試品種均能夠適應,而NC71和CZ-43形狀檢測更好;NC71和CZ-43的發病種類最少,感病指數較低;CZ-43的產量、產值、均價、上等煙比例和中上等煙比例等經濟性狀最高,其次為NC71,而2個品種之間無顯著差異;上、中、下部位煙葉的綜合得分均是CZ-43最高,其次為NC71、粵煙98;CZ-43的香氣質、香氣量和感官質量評價總分最高。據此,CZ-43、NC71可初步作為郴州煙區的備選品種進行推廣和示范。
關鍵詞 烤煙;品種;生長發育;抗病性;經濟性狀;外觀質量;評吸質量;湖南郴州
中圖分類號 S572.037 文獻標識碼 A 文章編號 1007-5739(2018)02-0029-04
Comparative Test of Different Tobacco Varieties in Chenzhou Tobacco Area
LI Yan 1 LI Hong-guang 2 FANG Ming 2 JIANG Xiang-wei 1 ZENG Pei-shuai 1 *
(1 Jiahe Branch,Chenzhou City Tobacco Company in Hunan Province,Jiahe Hunan 424500; 2 Chenzhou City Tobacco Company in Hunan Province)
Abstract The experiment was settled in demonstration base of Puman village in Jiahe County from 2015 to 2016.Taking six tobacco varieties as test material,the disease resistance,economic characters,appearance quality etc of tobacco were studied. The results were as follow:according to the local climate,all the varieties could adapt to the condition,while NC71 and CZ-43 shape were better;Disease types of NC71 and CZ-43 were at least,disease index was lower;the yield,output value,average price,fine proportion and superior proportion of tobacco and other economic value of CZ-43 were the highest,followed by NC71,but there was no significant difference between the two varieties.Composite scores on up,middle and lower parts of the tobacco leaves of CZ-43 was the highest,followed by NC71,Yueyan 98. Comprehensive score on aroma quality,aroma concentration,sensory quality of CZ-43 were highest. Consequently,CZ-43,NC71 could be used as promoting and demonstrating varieties in Chenzhou area.
Key words flue-cured tobacco;variety;growth and development;disease resistance;economic characters;appearance quality;smoking quality;Chenzhou Hunan
不同烤煙品種在同一生態條件下,因其自身的適應性不同,煙葉的表現不盡相同[1-4]。在烤煙生產中,品種對烤煙產量的貢獻率在20%~35%之間,而品種對品質的貢獻率更大,在60%以上。在卷煙生產中,煙葉是其原料基礎,而煙葉品質直接決定了卷煙產品的吸食品質,其卷煙品質的內在因素由烤煙品種決定。因此,選用優良適宜的烤煙品種是在農業措施中獲得優質高效煙葉的有效手段,是突出卷煙產品風格特點的重要基礎[5]。
郴州市是湖南最大煙葉產區,也是全國優質煙葉生產科技示范基地、全國標準化煙葉生產示范區、全國四大濃香特色優質煙葉產地之一,隸屬于全國煙草區劃中的“南嶺丘陵煙稻連作區”[6]。立足于郴州自然生態優勢,產業規模和市場優勢,要突出郴州煙區的區域、質量和品質特色,著眼郴州濃香型特色煙葉品牌發展和全國卷煙工業企業資源配置方式的需要。本試驗通過研究6個烤煙品種的生長發育特點、經濟性狀、外觀質量、化學成分和感官質量評價等因素,分析不同品種在郴州煙區的適應性情況,以期為該生態條件下篩選適宜的烤煙品種提供理論依據。
1 材料與方法
1.1 試驗地概況
試驗于2015—2016年在湖南省郴州市嘉禾縣普滿鄉試驗示范基地進行,嘉禾縣普滿鄉地處湘南,地形為丘陵,海拔275 m,屬亞熱帶濕潤季風氣候,光照資源充足,雨量豐沛,年均溫18 ℃,年降水量1 416 mm,無霜期294 d,當地海拔、氣候、水等條件與煙葉生長發育的需求規律基本吻合。土壤質地多為淺黃泥和灰黃泥土,土壤中等肥力,前茬作物為水稻。土壤有機質含量為45.01 g/kg、速效氮176.32 mg/kg、速效磷15.6 mg/kg、速效鉀110.3 mg/kg,pH值為6.5。endprint