Study on the Water—like Phenomenon of Laoshan Mountain in Classical Royal Garden—Taking the Harmony Garden as an Example

Abstract：The Harmony Garden is an imperial garden built on the basis of the Changchang Garden.It is also the first work written by Qianlong Garden.From the site selection to the garden landscape，as much as possible to imitate，and Lushan imitation water is the most important part of the garden.

Key words：Royal gardens；Jichang；Xiequ

1.The history of the fun garden

Huishan Garden was built in the 16th year of Emperor Qianlong（1751）.The eight scenes of Huishan Park are：Shishitang，Mo Miaoxuan，Xiangyunlou，Qibizhai，Shuilei Pavilion，Zhiyuqiao，Poetry Path，Hanguang Cave.At this time，Huishan Park focuses on the mountain，with water as the center，and the proportion of the building is small.It is similar to the Sending Park in the base of the garden，the landscape and the artistic conception.Although it is an imperial garden，it has the quaint and elegant artistic conception of the literati garden，and thus became the garden of the most rich and southern-style atmosphere in the Qing Dynasty.

The rebuilt Huishan Park was renamed the “harmony garden”.The newly built Jianhanyuan Hall in Chibei has become the main building in the park due to its huge volume.After the reconstruction of the Harmony Garden，the proportion of buildings increased，and the original landscape-dependent structure was changed into a relatively closed，building-oriented house.Although the pattern of Huishan Garden was followed as a whole，the scale of the landscape of the Harmony Garden after the renovation was unbalanced.

2.The base environment of the Harmony Garden and the Sending Park

Huishan Park is located in the low-lying area of Wanshou Mountain，and the whole terrain is high in the north and low in the south.The Chibei rockery is the main mountain，surrounded by stone piles and built into the west of the Wanshou Mountain.From the Houshan Houhu water system，the water source is introduced into the park，and the water surface is used as the center of the garden.

Sending Changyuan is located in the western suburb of Wuxi Fucheng，with Huishan in the west，Xishan in the south and Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal in the east.The transportation is convenient.The park is located in the flat area of the two mountains of Xi and Hui，with the backdrop of the rolling hills of Huishan as the background，and the Longguang Tower on the top of the Xishan Mountain in the southeast is used as a garden.The overall layout of the garden utilizes superior natural conditions，with the eastern pool as the center，and the water flowing from the second spring of the world to the park；the pool is concentrated in the mountains，and the mountains and the mountains are the first to welcome the mountains and tails.To Huishan，it seems to be Huishan.

3.Lushan is like water，and sentimental interest

Huishan Park is generally located in the north and south of the mountain.Because the north mountain is too close to the middle of the garden，the water surface is not deep enough，so the water surface is folded into a curved shape.The water management method of Huishan Park is similar to that of the Changchang Park.The whole garden uses the water surface as the composition center.The shape of the curved piece，the surface of the water is not sent to the park，and the fisherman’s carp and the crane’s beach are generally closed.The water surface is too wide and lacks a sense of solitude.There are seven bridges in the pool.In the four corners of the pool，the small waters are divided in the form of covered bridges，which is the same as the artistic conception of the Sending Park，to show that the pool is still in its infancy.

At the beginning of the construction of the park，Huishan Park is intended to pursue the imitation of the garden.Therefore，under the premise of entering the park with the true mountain，Huishan Park is connected with the Wanshou Mountain in the garden.Extending to the southeast corner，the Huishan Garden is surrounded by mountains.The natural mountain rock of Beishan became the base of the rockery，the south of the mountain stood，the mountain was flat，and the true and 1 mountains merged.The Yuqin Gorge in Huishan Park is also the most important for the imitation of the syllabus of the Changyuan Garden.The bottom of the gorge is about one meter wide.The bottom of the gorge is a natural rock surrounded by lakes and stones.The water from the lake flows through the mouth of the gorge.Layers fell，such as silk as a waterfall.After the renovation of the Harmony Garden，the large-scale construction changed the original artistic conception of the Huishan Garden period.The Chibei Rockery is blocked by the pavilion，but Zhan Qingxuan，Hanyuan Hall and the front pool water form an open view，which contrasts with the space where the poetry path was previously found to be virtual and real，open and quiet.

References

[1]Pang Liyingqiang，Zhang Baoxin，Zhou Wei.Dialectical Evaluation of the Artistic Characteristics of Classical Royal Garden Garden——Taking the Harmony Garden as an Example [J].Landscape Architecture，2017.02.

[2]Lu Wei.Analysis of Jiangnan Classical Garden Garden Art Techniques [J].Modern Horticulture，2017（09）.

[3]Han Yu.Analysis of Plant Landscaping——Taking the Harmony Garden of Beijing Summer Palace as an Example [J].Modern Horticulture，2017（02）.

（作者單位：廣西藝術學院）