Study on the obstacles of International Multimodal Transport under the Strategy of Belt and Road

Abstract： The international multimodal transport have many problems needed to be solved urgently such as the technical obstacle， the management psychological obstacle， the legal obstacle and so on. This paper analyses these problems and provides reference.

Keywords： Belt and Road； international multimodal transport； obstacles to development

一、Analysis of Technical obstacle of International Multimodal Transport

At present， international and domestic shipping generally adopt ISO series international standard containers， mainly 20ft and 40ft. And the container specification standard of land transportation system has many differences in many countries and regions. For example， 53ft containers are widely used in inland container rail transportation in the United States， and 45ft and 48ft containers are also used in large quantities； 48ft containers are widely used in inland transport in Europe and 31ft and 12ft containers are used in inland transport in Japan. 15 years ago， China Railway containers did not adopt ISO series specifications， but a large number of special railway boxes measured by tonnage. At present， a large number of ISO series 20ft and 40ft containers are adopted in China's railway system， which are suitable for marine transportation. However， China's air transport uses a large number of non-standard and ultra-wide containers. These air containers are banned from use on Chinese highway.

二、 Analysis of Psychological barriers in International Multimodal Transport

（一） Analysis of risk-taking psychology.Risk-taking sometimes results in liability for breach of contract， as well as financial or reputational damage. Even if the adventure is successful， it will stimulate and encourage other people in the group decision making， and even let the risk-taking colleagues in the group compete for the first place. （二） Analysis of luck psychology. The neglect of the risk and threat of post - discovery of information asymmetric blind area is the reflection of the luck psychology . This lucky psychology is presented in group decision - making ， which basically causes negative interference and influence on other decision - making members ， especially when other members point out or do not point out the psychological phenomenon .（三） Analysis of dependency psychology .Team members will also feel the imbalance between enthusiasm and initiative， and somestrong member will establish a sense of authority and leadership. This kind of dependence psychology will lead to the difference of the quality of work of each enterprise in the value chain， and will also lead to the imbalance and instability of the quality of customer service.（四） Analysis of hostility. The culture， politics， history， language and habits of the countries concerned are quite different. The overall effect of hostility is a negative effect on overall performance. The apparent hostility of the staff will harm the team's long-term work and reduce the efficiency of cooperation.

三、 An Analysis of legal obstacles of International Multimodal Transport

At present， the United Nations ConventionOn International Multimodal Transport Of Goods has been formally acceded to by only 11 countries， which does not meet the requirements of the 30 countries which have entered into force of the Treaty， so the Convention has not entered into force. Many countries and regions are only referring to it. At present 25 countries are parties to the Rotterdam Rules， but only three countries have completed their domestic legal procedures . It have not yet met the requirements of the 20 countries required by the Convention to complete the legal procedures. So it dosen't work. Therefore， there is no international convention in force for international multimodal transport. This creates legal and institutional barriers to international multimodal transport of containers. This obstacle is the most important obstacle.

Athyhor：

Shuguang Guo.He was born in August 1971，in Zhenjiang City ，.Nationality：China.As associate professor work for Jiangsu Maritime Institute . Research interests ：Management ，Logistics.

作者簡介：

郭曙光（1971-），男，漢族，江蘇省鎮江市人，碩士，江蘇海事職業技術學院副教授，南京航空航天大學博士研究生。