李玉萍 王敏
[摘要]新生兒感染李斯特菌是新生兒流產、早產甚至死產的重要原因之一,該病治療難度極大,后遺癥多,預后欠佳,又因為新生兒感染李斯特菌后尚無直接有效的方法治愈,故注意預防、盡早發現、及時治療十分重要。通過分析病因,了解發病機制我們可以避免接觸,注意預防,通過臨床表現,可以及早發現,避免漏診和誤診,通過總結有效的治療,可以改善此病的預后。本文通過研究宜昌市中心人民醫院兒科所接收的2例新生兒感染李斯特菌病例,對臨床表現、實驗室檢查及治療進行分析,以期改善預后。
[關鍵詞]李斯特菌;新生兒;臨床表現;治療;預后
[中圖分類號] R378.994? ? ? ? ? [文獻標識碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1674-4721(2019)2(c)-0190-03
[Abstract] Neonatal listeria infection is one of the important causes of neonatal abortion, premature birth and even stillbirth. Treatment of this disease is very difficult, with many sequelae and poor prognosis. In addition, there is no direct and effective method to cure neonatal listeria infection. By analyzing the etiology and understanding the pathogenesis, we can avoid contact and pay attention to prevention. Through clinical manifestations, early detection can be achieved, missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis can be avoided, and effective treatment can be summarized to improve the prognosis of this disease. In this paper, 2 cases of neonatal infection with listeria were studied in the pediatric department of yichang central people′s hospital, and the clinical manifestations, laboratory examination and treatment were analyzed to improve the prognosis.
[Key words] Listeria; The newborn; Clinical manifestations; Treatment; Prognosis
李斯特菌是一種食源性致病菌,孕母感染可跨越胎盤-胎兒屏障,引起新生兒李斯特菌感染。暴露的胎兒可能引起早產甚至死產,新生兒可引起失明、腦膜炎甚至死亡。孕婦的行為和生活習慣對預防此病十分重要[1]。建議重視孕中、晚期及圍產期有發熱、羊水污染、早產和胎膜早破的孕婦,除對孕婦的標本進行培養,還需要對其新生兒及時采集血、呼吸道分泌物及耳道分泌物等標本進行細菌培養[2]。本文所列病例通過對孕母及新生兒臨床特征的描述及分析,以期獲得更多的臨床經驗,改善預后,現報道如下。
1病例一
1.1臨床資料
患兒系孕1產1孕31+2周順產娩出,羊水黃綠色、Ⅱ度糞染,胎盤邊緣1小葉可見乳白色結節,臍帶正常。患兒生后阿氏評分(Apgar)1 min 1分,心率……