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延遲Gompertz模型的數值分支和混合控制

2019-06-11 08:27:47宋繼志王媛媛
河北科技大學學報 2019年2期

宋繼志 王媛媛

摘要:為了研究物種的穩定性問題,要求縮小或者擴大生物系統的穩定區域,通過混合控制歐拉法研究了一個時滯Gompertz模型,運用狀態反饋和參數擾動控制得到了Neimark-Sacker分支的理想結果。根據Hopf分支理論得到了連續系統平衡點的穩定性,通過混合控制歐拉算法得到了離散系統在要求的分支點所產生的Neimark-Sacker分支,利用中心流形定理和正規形方法,給出了確定分支周期解的分支方向與穩定性的計算公式。采用數值模擬驗證了所得結果的正確性。研究結果表明,對于延遲Gompertz模型系統,如果選擇合適的控制參數,就能夠使分支點提前或者延遲。研究方法在理論和數值模擬方面都得到了良好的預期結果,為解決相關的控制問題提供了新的方法,對其他領域的控制問題研究具有一定的借鑒意義。

關鍵詞:常微分方程數值解; Gompertz模型; 混合控制; 歐拉法; 延遲; Neimark-Sacker分支

中圖分類號:O1891文獻標志碼:A

Abstract: In order to study the stability of species, the biological systems are required to reduce or expand the stable region. For a Gompertz model with time delay, a hybrid control Euler method is proposed in which state feedback and parameter perturbation are used to control the Neimark-Sacker bifurcation. The local stability of the equilibria is discussed according to Hopf bifurcation theory. For controlling Neimark-Sacker bifurcation, the hybrid control numerical algorithm is introduced to generate the Neimark-Sacker bifurcation at a desired bifurcation point. The explicit algorithms for determining the direction of the bifurcation and the stability of the bifurcating periodic solutions are derived by using the normal form method and center manifold theorem. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the theoretical results. The research results show that the branch point can be in advance or delay for the delay Gompertz model system through choosing appropriate control parameters. The algorithm has obtained good results both in theory and numerical performance, which provides a new method and has certain theoretical significance for its application in many control problems.

Keywords:numerical solution of ordinary differential equation; Gompertz model; hybrid control; Euler method; delay; Neimark-Sacker bifurcation

5結論

為了擴大或者縮小控制區域,給出了應用狀態反饋和參數擾動的混合控制數值歐拉法得到了Neimark-Sacker分支。對Gompertz連續系統實施混合控制得到了Hopf分支;通過選擇合適的控制參數,實施混合控制數值算法延遲了原來分支點的出現,應用混合控制歐拉法,對充分小的步長給出了保持分支的結果。通過理論和數值模擬驗證了所得結果,得到了延遲Gompertz模型系統通過選擇合適的控制參數,分支點可能提前或者延遲。在將來的研究計劃中,筆者將設計更好的數值控制方法,達到更好的控制效果。

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2019年4月Journal of Hebei University of Science and TechnologyApr. ?2019

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